question
Are staphylococci catalase positive or negative?
answer
positive
question
What can nosocomial infections result from?
answer
1. microorganisms in the hospital environment
2. compromised or weakened patients
3. a chain of transmission from hospital workers normal flora
2. compromised or weakened patients
3. a chain of transmission from hospital workers normal flora
question
Is staphylococcus an opportunistic pathogen?
answer
yes
question
How is the coagulase test a characteristic for pathogenicity?
answer
it identifies wether an organism produces the exoenzyme that creates blood clots allowing it to protect itself from the immune system
question
Normal flora
answer
Bacteria found naturally in the body that prevent infection and promote health ("friendly bacteria")
question
Carrier
answer
a person with a disease that they can pass on to other organisms.
question
What is the difference between s.aureus and s.epidermis?
answer
s.aureus is hemolytic and produce yellow colonies
s.epidermis is non hemolytic and produce white colonies
s.epidermis is non hemolytic and produce white colonies
question
Are streptococci catalase positive or negative?
answer
negative
question
CO2 or candle jars
answer
used to culture organisms that require carbon dioxide for growth
question
Bacitracin (A) disk
answer
used for the presumptive identification of group A beta-hemolytic streptococci on blood agar (strepto pyogenes)
question
Optochin (P) dish
answer
used to differentiate between streptococcus pneumoniae and other alpha hemolytic streptococci
question
SXT disc
answer
used for the presumptive identification of beta hemolytic streptococci on blood agar
question
Bile esculin hydrolysis
answer
used to aid in the differentiation of group D streptococci, enterococci from other streptococci, and non group D
question
What test can be used to identify streptococcus pneumoniae from other members of the streptococci
answer
P dish test or catalse test
question
What 2 tests can be used to distinguish streptococcus pyogenes from other members of streptococci
answer
Bacitracin test and Lancefield antigen A test
question
Urinary tract
answer
consists of the kidneys, uterus, bladder, and the urethra
question
What part of the urinary tract is normally colonized by bacteria?
answer
the urethra
question
What is the most common culprit of UTIs?
answer
E. coli
question
What number of bacteria suggest a UTI?
answer
>100,000
question
What type of fermentation is involved in yogurt production?
answer
lactic acid fermentation
question
What is the most common source of bacteria in milk?
answer
water from udder washing and personnel handling the milk
question
Why is milk a more suitable vector of disease than water?
answer
milk contains more nutrients then water
question
What was Addie infected with and how did she get the infection?
answer
community-associated MRSA from picking her scabs
question
Pan-resistant
answer
an organism that is resistant to all antibiotics
question
What gene involves the resistance with Davids CRE infection?
answer
NDM-1
question
Where do many gram negative bacteria live in the body?
answer
the GI tract and stomach
question
What was the name of the infection that had an outbreak at the NIH?
answer
KPC
question
How did KPC spread in the NIH?
answer
hands of personnel and pieces of equipment that go from patient-to-patient
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