question
Bacillus
answer
G+ rods
endospores, some human pathogens
endospores, some human pathogens
question
Bifidobacterium
answer
G+ rods
predominant member of the GI tract in breast-fed infants.
predominant member of the GI tract in breast-fed infants.
question
Clostridium
answer
G+ rods
obligate anaerobes, endospores, botulism, gangrene, tetanus
obligate anaerobes, endospores, botulism, gangrene, tetanus
question
Corynebacterium
answer
G+ rods
normal microbiota; toxin-producing strains cause diptheria
normal microbiota; toxin-producing strains cause diptheria
question
Gardnerella
answer
G+ rods
human pathogen causing bacterial vaginosis (BV); G+ CW structure, but appear Gram-variable due to very thin CW
human pathogen causing bacterial vaginosis (BV); G+ CW structure, but appear Gram-variable due to very thin CW
question
Lactobacillus
answer
G+ rods
aerotolerant anaerobe, lactic acid producers, normal GI flora
aerotolerant anaerobe, lactic acid producers, normal GI flora
question
Listeria
answer
G+ rods
human pathogens, foodborne infection, meningitis, sepsis
human pathogens, foodborne infection, meningitis, sepsis
question
Propionibacterium
answer
G+ rods
anaerobe, obligate fermenter
anaerobe, obligate fermenter
question
Enterococcus
answer
G+ cocci
opportunistic pathogens, cause UTIs, normal flora of GI tract
opportunistic pathogens, cause UTIs, normal flora of GI tract
question
Micrococcus
answer
G+ cocci
normal flora, opportunistic pathogen, common lab contaminant
normal flora, opportunistic pathogen, common lab contaminant
question
Staphylococcus
answer
G+ cocci
normal flora, wound infections, food poisoning, toxic shock, UTIs
normal flora, wound infections, food poisoning, toxic shock, UTIs
question
Streptococcus
answer
G+ cocci
aerotolerant anaerobe; pharyngitis, meningitis, pneumonia, wound infections, toxic shock
aerotolerant anaerobe; pharyngitis, meningitis, pneumonia, wound infections, toxic shock
question
Mycobacterium
answer
G+ acid-fast rods
tuberculosis (TB), leprosy (Hansen's disease)
tuberculosis (TB), leprosy (Hansen's disease)
question
Nocardia
answer
G+ acid-fast rods
actinobacteria
filamentous & branching, opportunistic pathogens
actinobacteria
filamentous & branching, opportunistic pathogens
question
Mycoplasma
answer
G+ cell wall-less
atypical pneumonia
atypical pneumonia
question
Ureaplasma
answer
G+ cell wall-less
non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU)
non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU)
question
Actinomyces
answer
G+ actinobacteria
filamentous & branching, some human pathogens
filamentous & branching, some human pathogens
question
Streptomyces
answer
G+ actinobacteria
filamentous & branching, many produce antibiotics (secondary metabolites), decompose cellulose & chitin
filamentous & branching, many produce antibiotics (secondary metabolites), decompose cellulose & chitin
question
unstainables
answer
Spriochetes (Borrelia and Leptospira; Treponema is too thin to be seen with a light microscope if stained)
Obligate intracellular bacterial parasites (Anaplasma, Chlamydia, Chlamydophila, Coxiella, Ehrlichia, Orientia, and Rickettsia)
Bartonella, Legionella (weak gram negative rod), Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma (no cell wall)
Obligate intracellular bacterial parasites (Anaplasma, Chlamydia, Chlamydophila, Coxiella, Ehrlichia, Orientia, and Rickettsia)
Bartonella, Legionella (weak gram negative rod), Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma (no cell wall)
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