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Administrative Agency
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Given power and authority from congress.
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Enabling Legislation
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Congress passes legislation to create an agency
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Delegation of an Agency
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Congress delegates power by enabling statute
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Administrative Law
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Legal rules that define structure of an agency
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Types of administrative Rules
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Substantive, Interpretative, and procedural rules
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Administrative Procedures Act
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Regulates how agencies develop and issue regulations
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ALJ
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Administrative Law Judge
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Administrative Law Judge
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Civil service employee who is usually an attorney
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Substantive Rule
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Governs how people behave. Agencies must give public notice
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Interpretive Law
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Clarifies and explains Substantive Rule
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Procedural Rule
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Outlines method of agency operations. (Investigation, Enforcement, and Adjudicatory Review)
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Rule Making in and Agency
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Rules are proposed by agency staff, interested parties may submit written comments to the agency (60-90 days), Agency reviews comments and finalizes rule.
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How agencies enforce regulations
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Broad Investigative Powers, Subpoenas, prohibitions, limitations, penalties, fines, destruction, withholding property
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Chevron Case
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NRDC challenged the EPA's "bubble rule". HELD: regulation is appropriate. Unless agency decisions contradict their own statue, regulations will be given deference
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Formal Agency Procedures
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Adjudicatory hearings
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Informal Agency Procedures
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Tests, inspections, permits, negotiations, advice, settlements
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arbitrary and capricious standard
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The broad judicial benchmark used to determine whether an agency's actions were a result of a reasoned decision-making process. (unless agency decision is contradictory to statute, regulation is given deference)
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Freedom of Information Act (FOIA)
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Grants citizens the right to access certain information and records of federal, state, and local governments upon request
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Government in the Sunshine Act
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A federal act that opens most federal administrative agency meetings to the public.