bureaucracy test

a st of complex hierarchical departments, agencies, commissions and their staffs that exist to help a chief executive officer carry out his or her duties; may be private organizations of government units.

the firing of public-office holders of a defeated political party and their replacement with loyalists of the newly elected party

jobs, grants, or other special favors that are given as rewards to friends and political allies for their support

reform measure that created the civil service commission to administer a partial merit system. the act classified the federal service by grades, to which appointments were made based on the results of a competitive examination. it made it illegal for federal political appointees to be required to contribute to a particular political party

the system created by civil service laws by which many appointments to the federal bureaucracy are made

the system by which federal civil service jobs are classified into grades or levels, to which appointments are made on the basis of performance on competitive examinations

an agency created by congress that is generally concerned with a specific aspect of the economy

major administrative units with responsibility for a broad area of government operations. departmental status usually indicates a permanent national interest in a particular governmental function, such as defense, commerce, or agriculture

business established by congress to perform functions that can be provided by private businesses (like US postal service)

governmental unit that closely resembles a cabinet department but has a narrower area of responsibility (like CIA) and is not part of any cabinet department

law enacted in 1939 to prohibit civil servants from taking activist roles in partisan campaigns. this act prohibited federal employees from making political contributions, working for a particular party, or campaigning for a particular candidate.

1993 liberalization of the hatch act. federal employees are now allowed to run for office in nonpartisan elections and to contribute money to campaigns in partisan elections

the process by which a law or policy is put into operation by the bureaucracy

the relatively stable relationships and patterns of interactions that occur among an agency, interest groups, and congressional committees or subcommittees

the loose and informal relationships that exist among a large number of actors who work in a broad policy area

working groups created to facilitate coordination of policy making and implementation across a host of governmental agencies

the ability of bureaucrats to make choices concerning the best way to implement congressional intentions

a quasi-legislative administrative process that has the characteristics of a legislative act

rules that govern the operation of a particular government program that has the force of law

a quasi-judicial process in which a bureaucratic agency settles disputes between two parties in a manner similar to the way courts resolve disputes

4 types of bureaucratic agencies

occurs when two government agencies seem to be doing the same thing

A schedule for federal employees ranging from 1 to 15, by which salaries can be keyed for rating and experience.

weber bureaucracy requirements

1. a chain command in which authority flows from top to bottom
2. a division of labor whereby work is apportioned among specialized workers to increase productivity
3. Clear lines of authority among workers and their supporters
4. a goal orientation that determines structure, authority and rules
5. Impersonality, whereby all employees are treated fairly based on merit and all clients are served equally without discrimination according to established rules
6. Productivity, whereby all work and actions are evaluated according to established rules

The office in charge of hiring for most agencies of the federal government, using elaborate rules in the process.

complex bureaucratic rules and procedures that must be followed to get something done

- a quasi-legislative administrative process that has the characteristics of a legislative act.
Regulations are the rules that govern the operation of all government programs and have the force of law. So rule makers act as both lawmakers and law enforcers when they make rules or draft regulations to implement various congressional statutes. "Single most important function performed by agencies of government"
1946 administrative procedures act established rule-making procedures to give everyone the chance to participate in the process. It requires
1. public notice of the time, place and nature of the rule making proceedings be provided in the federal register
2. interested parties be given the opportunity to submit written arguments and facts relevant to the rule
3. the statutory purpose and basis of the rule be states. Ones rules are written, thirty fays generally must elapse before they take effect.

The core function of the bureaucracy -- to carry out the decisions of Congress, the president, or the courts. Carry out & administer policy decisions made by Congress.

Determining who is right in a dispute and how the law should be applied in any given instancenforce rules and determine compliance.