Ch 1: Principles, Measurements, and the Health-Development Link

To understand:
-The progress that has already been made
- The challenges that still remains
- That diseases are not limited to national boundaries
- There are disparities among groups
- The health-development link
- The need for different actors to work together

A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

The science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting physical health and mental health and efficiency through organized community efforts toward a sanitary environment

An area for study, research, and practice that places a priority on improving health and achieving equity in health for all people worldwide

-Determinants of health
-Key risk factors for different health conditions
-Global burden of disease
-Measurement of health status
-Importance of culture to health
-Demographic and epidemiological transitions
-Organization and function of health systems
-Links among health, education, poverty, and equity

-Environmental health
-Nutrition
-Women's health and reproductive health
-Child and adolescent health
-Communicable diseases
-Noncommunicable diseases
-Injuries

-Low income
-Lower middle income
-Upper middle income
-High income

$995 or less GNP per person

$996 to $3,895 GNP per person

$3,896 to $12,055 GNP per person

$12,056 or more GNP per person

-Formulated in 2015
-17 SDGs
-Countries that signed pledged to meet goals by 2030
-All relate to health, whether directly or indirectly

Health status determined by variety of factors

Much progress is the result of public hygiene, better water and sanitation, and better education

Enormous disparities in health status and access to health services within and across countries

Countries do not need to be high-income to enjoy good health status

Burden of disease is evolving in light of economic and social changes, aging populations, and scientific and technical progress

Low-income countries should focus on "...burying old people, instead of young people, making the transition as fast as possible, and doing so at least cost"

The health goals for all countries are to enable their people, at least cost and in fairly distributed ways, to enjoy the maximum possible health