question
Which major body sites are heavily colonized by microbes?
answer
-gastrointestinal microbiota
-oral cavity
-airways
-urogenital tracts (vagina)
-skin
question
are you born with these microbes?
answer
they begin to colonize at birth
question
small common genera of bacteria in the intestines
answer
-enterococcus facalis
-lactobacillus
question
large common genera of bacteria in the intestines
answer
enterobacteracae
question
common genera of bacteria in the airways
answer
-streptococcus pneumoniae
-mycobacterium tuberculosis
question
Common genera of bacteria on skin
answer
-staphylococcus epidermis
-corynebacterium
-streptococcus pyogenes
question
common genera of bacteria in the throat
answer
streptococcus progenies (strep throat)
question
what parts of the body do not have normal flora bacteria
answer
-lower respiratory tract
-blood
-CSF
-bladder
question
how does plaque form on teeth
answer
cells form a biofilm, attach to tooth, grow and multiply
question
Why does eating a high sugar diet contribute to dental caries?
answer
-feeds bacteria living in the oral cavity
-the bacteria ferment it and produce acids which break down the enamel
question
what is the importance of vaginal lactobacillus in healthy adult women
answer
-ferments glycogen
-producing lactic acid
-maintains a local weak acidic environment
question
What causes a UTI?
answer
E. coli and proteus mirabilis entering the urinary tract
question
are men or women more likely to get a UTI
answer
women because they have shorter urethras
question
describe the properties of microorganisms that grow well on the skin
answer
salt and acid tolerant
question
what determines whether an organism will colonize on a body site
answer
environmental and host factors
question
what does clostridium difficile cause
answer
ulcers and diarrhea
question
what are the characteristics of clostridium difficile that help it cause disease
answer
-G+ rod
-anaerobic
-endospores
-antibiotic resistant
question
what is a probiotic
answer
live organisms that confer a health benefit to the host
question
what does it mean if the label says "contains active culture"
answer
contains a live probiotic culture
ex. yogurt
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