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Adverse selection
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the tendency for the mix of unobserved attributes to become undesirable from the standpoint of an uninformed party
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Agent
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a person who is performing an act for another person, called the principle
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Arrow's impossibility theorem
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a mathematical result showing that, under certain assumed conditions, there is no scheme for aggregating individuals preferences into a valid set of social preferences
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Behavioral economics
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the subfield of economics that integrates the insights of psychology
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Condorcet paradox
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the failure of majority rule to produce transitive preferences for society
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Median voter theorem
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a mathematical result showing that if voters are choosing a point along a line and each voter wants the point closest to his most preferred point, then majority rule will pick the most preferred point of the median voter
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Moral hazard
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the tendency of a person who is imperfectly monitored to engage in dishonest or otherwise undesirable behavior
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Political economy
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the study of government using the analytic methods of economics
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Principal
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a person for whom another person, called the agent, is performing some act
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Screening
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an action taken by an uninformed party to induce an informed party to reveal information
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Signaling
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an action taken by an informed party to reveal private information to an uninformed party