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Prevention of initial occurrence of disease or injury
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Primary Prevention
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Early detection & tx. Of disease with goal of limiting severity & adverse effects
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Secondary Prevention
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Reducing limitations of disability & promoting rehabilitation following health alterations
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Tertiary Prevention
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Refers to first-line or point-of-access medical and nursing care controlled by providers & focused on the individual
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Primary Care
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Refers to essential services that support a healthy life. It involves access, availability, service delivery, community participation, and the citizen's right to health
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Primary Health Care
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Describe the occurrence of new cases of a disease or condition in a community over a given period relative to the size of the population at risk for that disease or condition during that same period.
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Incidence Rate
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The number of all cases of a specific disease or condition in a population at a given point in time relative to the population at the same point in time
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Prevalance Rate
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The deaths of women while pregnant or within 42 days after termination of pregnancy
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Maternal Mortality
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When rate of disease exceeds the usual (endemic) level of the condition in a defined population- Moderate ongoing occurrence in given location
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Epidemic
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When an epidemic occurs in multiple countries or continents
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Pandemic
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Theory that focuses on aggregate behaviors, economic growth, and employment
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Macroeconomic theory
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Theory that examines individual preference & finances & how those actions affect cost of care & resource distribution
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Microeconomic
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The study of health- related trends in populations for the purpose of disease prevention, health maintenance, & health protection
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Epidemiology
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The physical, infectious, or chemical factor that causes the disease
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Agents
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The living being that an agent or environment influences
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Host
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The setting or surrounding that sustains host
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Environment
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Documents the number of new cases of a disease in those exposed to the disease
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Attack Rate
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Infectious Agents include
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Viruses & Bacteria
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Physical Agents include
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Noise & Temperature
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Chemical Agents include
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Drugs, Toxins
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Age, Sex, Gender, Ethnicity, Immunological status, Occupation, & physiological state are possible examples of
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Susceptible host
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Physical environment includes
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Geography, Water, Food supply, Presence of reservoirs, Vectors
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Social environment Includes
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Access to healthcare, High risk working conditions, Poverty
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Climate change, Nutrition, Maternal health & Sanitation practices are examples of
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Influences of global health
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Limited resources & structure in lesser- developed nations are examples of
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Influences of global health
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International travel, Wars on political unrest, & natural/ man made disasters are examples of
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Influences of global health
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Eradicating hunger & poverty, Primary education worldwide & promoting gender equality (mostly women empowerment) are examples of
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Goals for global health
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The promotion of individual well being, peaceful/j ust societies, sustainable ecosystems, healthy lives, economic growth, industrialization, & innovation are examples of
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Goals for global health
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Developing global partnerships, Combating climate change & ensuring sustainable water, energy & sanitation are examples of
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Goals for global health
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Inadequate insurance, Inability to pay for health care services, lack of transportation (personal or public) to healthcare facilities and lack of providers are examples of
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Barriers to health care
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