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Total Revenue =?
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Price per unit (P) X Quantity produced and sold (Q)
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Fixed Costs
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Costs that DO NOT vary with output or level of Quantity
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Variable Costs
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Costs that DO vary with output or level of Quantity.
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TOTAL COST =
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Fixed Cost + Variable Cost (FC + VC)
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Accounting Profit Rule 1
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In calculating Accounting Profits only explicit costs are included
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Accounting Profit Rule 2
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Explicit Costs are costs for which you have tangible receipt
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Economic Profits Rule 1
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In calculating Economic Profits both explicit and implicit costs are included
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Economic Profits Rule 2
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Implicit costs are costs for which you have no tangible receipt
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Law of Diminishing Returns
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Marginal Product of any Variable Factor of Production eventually Declines
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Average Cost /ATC =
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Total costs $ / Total Output
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Marginal Cost =
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Change in Total Cost for Change in Output
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Profits =
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Revenue-Costs
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Marginal Costs Graph
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Average Fixed Cost + Average Variable Cost
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Average Total Costs =
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A Transaction that has measurable cost to a firm
Ex: Purchase of New assets
Hiring of workers
purchasing of raw materials
Ex: Purchase of New assets
Hiring of workers
purchasing of raw materials
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Explicit Costs =
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A decision which leads to lower income, but is not recorded on a balance sheet
Ex: giving workers a day off-will lead to a drop in sales & income.
Ex: giving workers a day off-will lead to a drop in sales & income.
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Implicit Costs =
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(FO) return on best forgone option - (CO) return on chosen option
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Opportunity Cost Formula =
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the opportunities forgone in the choice of one expenditure over others.
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Opportunity Cost
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When the marginal magnitude exceeds the average magnitude, the average must rise;
When the marginal magnitude is less than the average magnitude, the average must fall.
Marginal CURVE intersects average curve at a maximum or minimum.
When the marginal magnitude is less than the average magnitude, the average must fall.
Marginal CURVE intersects average curve at a maximum or minimum.
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Average-Marginal Rule
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