Exam 1 – chapter 19

Which of the following bacteria can cause life-threatening pseudomembranous colitis?

What is a key diagnostic indication of infection with Mycobacterium leprae?

Otitis media may lead to dangerous meningitis in children due to infection with _______________

Bacteria collected from a severely inflamed wound are sent to the lab for analysis. The results come back as follows: gram-positive cocci in irregular clusters, kinase and coagulase positive, and able to grow in the presence of most antibiotics except vancomycin. The bacteria in the wound are most likely _________________

The skin lesions characteristic of cutaneous infections with Bacillus anthracis are __________

During a stay in the hospital, an accident victim develops symptoms of bacteremia. A blood sample shows the presence of gram-positive cocci in pairs. Lab tests determine that the bacteria are nonhemolytic and bile salt tolerant. The bacteremia is likely due to __________

What bacteria can cause pharygitis?

Infections with Streptococcus pyogenes may progress to ____________, characterized by a skin rash that peels after about a week and a bright red swollen tongue.

Anthrax, which means "charcoal" in Greek, derives its name from _______________________

Mycetoma, which is a painless long-lasting infection characterized by swelling, pus production, and draining sores, is caused by ____________

A women comes to the emergency department with fever and vomiting. She soon develops a red rash all over her body, and her blood pressure begins to drop. What is one possible diagnosis?

The Quellung reaction is used to diagnose ____________________

How does the toxin from Clostridium tetani produce its action?

Over 90% of Staphylococcus aureus isolates penicillin-resistant. Why?

Increased sebum secretion can fuel overgrowth of the opportunistic pathogen ______________ in its normal habitat, leading to disease

How do group A streptococci camouflage themselves from white blood cells?

What bacteria produce one of the most deadly toxins known?

What statement about Bacilus anthracis is FALSE?

What bacteria divide by "snapping division" in which daughter cells remain attached in characteristic V-shapes?

What statement about "flesh-eating" streptococci is FALSE?

What is one virulence factor that differentiates Staphylococcus aureus from other species of staphylococci?

What has been historically classified as gram-negative bacteria but is genetically more similar to low G + C gram-positive bacteria?

What is NOT a feature of the pathogenesis of Clostridium perfringens?

What disease is considered an autoimmune disease triggered by bacterial infection?

Mycoplasma pneumoniae causes respiratory disease by _______________

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause of _______________

What is FALSE concerning tetanus?

The pus from an abscess in a patient's jaw contains microbes that form yellowish grainy masses and appear filamentous under the microscope. Neither antifungal medication nor a normal course of antibiotics has been effective in treating the infection. The abscess is likely the result of infection with _________________

Streptococci are frequently classified by ________________

What differentiates virulent strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae from nonvirulent strains?

Members of the genus Mycoplasma are pleomorphic and stain Gram-negative because they _______________

Under what conditions does infection with Mycobacterium leprae develop into tuberculoid leprosy?

The soil bacterium Nocardia asteroides can establish opportunistic infections of the ___________________

Untreated streptococcal pharyngitis may progress to _________________

A sample of fluid from the lungs contains microbes that grow in filaments or clumps. The cells stain poorly in the Gram stain and are a pink-red when acid-fast stained. The bacteria in the sample are ____________________

What clinical manifestation do Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis share?

The pathogenicity of primary tuberculosis is due to the fact that the mycobacteria ____________________

What streptococci is associated with dental caries?

Streptococcus agalactiae is associated with what disease?

What staphylococcal virulence factors produce the signs and symptoms of scalded skin syndrome?

Listeria virulence is directly related to its ability to ___________________________

What is FALSE about diphtheria?

What is the most common disease caused by Propionibacterium?

Enterococcus faecalis bacteria can be distinguished from other Gram-positive cocci because enterococci _________________________

What is FALSE regarding Streptococcus pyogenes?

The neurotoxins of Clostridium botulinum produce _____________ paralysis by preventing muscle contraction

The body limits the migration of Streptococcus _______________ by binding it to the active site of secretory IgA, which the bacteria overcome by secreting secretory IgA protease

The aerobic endospore-former ______________ is a strict pathogen of humans and animals

Successful treatment of diphtheria requires the administration of _____________

In countries where tuberculosis is common, people are vaccinated with _____, which contains attenuated Mycobacterium bovis bacteria

_________________ grow at temperatures up to 45 Celsius, at pH levels as high as 9.6, and in 6.5% NaCl, but they lack structural and chemical elements that make them virulent in the intestinal tract

Common sources of Listeria are undercooked meats and vegetables and unpasteurized _______

Bacterial food poisoning resulting from Clostridium ______________ contamination is characterized by water diarrhea accompanied by intestinal cramping but not fever, and it resolved in about a day

________ is resistant to numerous antimicrobial agents; therefore, vancomycin is usually used for these infections

When streptococcal infections involve the skin and surrounding lymph nodes, triggering pain and inflammation, the condition is known as ____________

A "summer cold" that lasts for weeks is characterized by sore throat, mild fever, dry cough, and malaise may be ____________ pneumonia

In its role in the development of acne, ______________ typically grows in sebaceous glands of the skin

The presence of mycolic acid in the cell walls of the opportunistic pathogen ___________ results in it Gram staining poorly

Infection with Corynebacterium diphtheria leads to the formation of _____________ which can severely impair respiratory function

The ability to produce ____________ enables Staphylococcus aureus to penetrate and spread through tissues

T/F enterococci have the ability to secrete bacteriocins, which inhibit the growth of other bacteria

T/F a person comes into the clinic with a wound that is severely inflamed, very painful, and turning black and "bubbly". The diagnosis is leprosy.

T/F Streptococcus pyogenes commonly causes streptococcal toxic shock syndrome in otherwise healthy people

T/F group A streptococci are considered more virulent if their cytoplasmic membrane contains M protein

T/F adult food borne botulism can be prevented by thouroughly cooking food (minimum 80 Celsius for 20 minutes) before it is eaten.

T/F Staphylococcus aureus can produce a toxin that dissolves the demosomes that hold the adjoining cytoplasmic membranes of cells together and causes the patient's skin cells to separate from each other.

T/F staphylococcus aureus poisoning is long-lasting because ingested bacteria produce enterotoxins in the digestive system.

T/F the respiratory infection known as "walking pneumonia" is caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae

T/F Mycobacterium tuberculosis is able to persist and be spread in aerosols due to its ability to produce endospores

T/F in contrast to other mycobacteria, Mycobacterium avium-intracellular simultaneously affects almost every organ in the body.