GCE 205

To understand
- Progress that has already been made
-The challenges that still remain
-That diseases are not limited by national boundaries
-That there are disparities among groups
-The health-development link
-The need for different actors to work together

a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity."

the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting physical health and mental health and efficiency through organized community efforts toward a sanitary environment

Promotion of handwashing and bicycle riding, helmets and knowledge of HIV/AIDS.
large scale screenings, pollution regulation and more

an area for study, research, and practice that places a priority on improving health and achieving equity in health for all people worldwide

-Emerging and reemerging infectious diseases
-Antimicrobial resistance
-Eradication of polio
-TB
-Malaria
-HIV
-The increasing cases of diabetes and heart disease globally

-determinants of health
-key risk factors for different health conditions
-global burden of disease
-measurements of health status
-importance of culture to health
-demographic and epidemiologic transitions
-organization and function of health systems
-links among health, education, poverty, and equity.

Environmental health
Nutrition
Women's health
Child health
Communicable diseases
Noncommunicable diseases
Injuries

World Bank Country Income Groups
•Low-income :$995 or less
•Lower middle-income :$996 to $3,895
•Upper middle-income :$3,896 to $12,055
•High-income : $12,056 or more

1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
2. Achieve universal primary education
3. Promote gender equality and empower women
4. Reduce child mortality
5. Improve maternal health
6. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases
7. Ensure environmental sustainability
8. Develop a global partnership for development

GOAL 1: No Poverty
GOAL 2: Zero Hunger
GOAL 3: Good Health and Well-being
GOAL 4: Quality Education
GOAL 5: Gender Equality
GOAL 6: Clean Water and Sanitation
GOAL 7: Affordable and Clean Energy
GOAL 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth
GOAL 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure
GOAL 10: Reduced Inequality
GOAL 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities
GOAL 12: Responsible Consumption and Production
GOAL 13: Climate Action
GOAL 14: Life Below Water
GOAL 15: Life on Land
GOAL 16: Peace and Justice Strong Institutions
GOAL 17: Partnerships to achieve the Goal

UN Sustainable Development Summit (the current operating global health and development goals) in 2015

193

public hygiene, better water and sanitation, and better education.

true

False, Countries do not need to be high-income to enjoy good health status

true

True

True

•The factors that influence health status most
•The indicators used to measure health status
•The key trends in health status that have occurred historically

sickness or any departure, subjective or objective, from a psychological or physiological state of well-being

•death

temporary or long-term reduction in a person's capacity to function

•number of people suffering from a certain health condition over a specified period

the rate at which new cases of a disease occur in a population

•intervening before health effects occur

•screening to identify disease before the onset of signs and symptoms

managing disease post diagnosis or stopping disease progression

illnesses caused by a particular infectious agent that spreads directly or indirectly from people to people, animals to people, or people to animals; also called infectious diseases

•illnesses not spread by an infectious agent

include road traffic injuries, falls, self-inflicted injuries, and violence, among other things

the range of personal, social, economic, and environmental factors that influence health status

Quantitative or qualitative measures used to describe the level of well-being or illness present in a defined population or to describe related attributes or risk factors.

-determining the causes of morbidity, disability & death
-carrying out disease surveillance
-making comparisons about health within & across countries

The total number of deaths in a year among infants under one year old for every 1,000 live births in a society.

Predicted average length of life at birth.

Number of deaths per thousand of women giving birth.

The death rate among newborns in the first 28 days of life in a given year per 1000 births

The rate of deaths occurring in children under 5 years of age per 1000 live births. (child mortality rate)

•Vital registration systems record births, deaths, and causes of death
•An accurate system is key to having quality data on a population
•Many low- and middle-income countries lack a vital registration system
•Often there are cultural barriers to timely vital registration

true

true

•SSA has a unique profile of young child deaths: risks are equally spread across neonates, children, and adolescents
•In high-income countries, the majority of child deaths are among neonates and related to neonatal conditions