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Agent
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An organism that causes a disease, such as bacteria, viruses, protozoa or flukes.
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Behavior
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In the triangle of human ecology, the effects of cultural norms or societal organizations on human health.
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Chemical insults
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Factors, such as drugs, dangerous gases and harmful liquids, that negatively affect human health.
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Diarrhea
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A symptom of various viral, bacterial and parasitic infections, killing more than 2 million people each year.
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Ecology
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The relationship between plants or animals and the environment
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Endemic
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A disease, such as chicken pox, that is always present at some level in a population.
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Epidemic
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An outbreak of a disease
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Financial Factors
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Whether or not someone can afford health or medical care
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Functional Factors
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In regard to access to health care, the presence or absence of health care resources
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Geographical Factors
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In regard to access to health care, how close or accessible facilities are to users.
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Guinea worm disease
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Dracunculiasis. This disease causes an infection by a roundworm that gets into humans when they drink water containing water fleas carrying the worm's larvae
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Habitat
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The natural characteristics and cultural aspects of an environment.
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HIV/AIDS
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A worldwide disease caused by a virus that can cause a progressive breakdown of the human immune system
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Host
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A life form that has a disease
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Human ecology
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The interconnections between human populations and the physical world.
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Infectious stimuli
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The effects on a person caused viruses, bacteria or other physical insults.
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Influenza
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Commonly known as the flu, a disease caused by a virus that affects humans, animals and birds. Flu outbreaks can be regional or even global.
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Malaria
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A disease caused by a parasite and spread to humans by mosquitoes. About 40% of the world's population is at risk of contracting this disease.
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Medical geography
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The sub-branch of geography that studies that pattern of and transmission of diseases as well as the spatial pattern of health care.
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Pandemic
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A worldwide outbreak of a disease.
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Physical insults
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Traumatic events, such as accidents, shock or radiation poisoning that negatively affect human health
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Polygyny
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The cultural practice of a husband having multiple wives
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Population
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The number of people in an area as well as the age, gender, and genetic characteristics of a society
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Psychosocial insults
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The effects of things such as crowding, anxiety, belonging or love on a person's health.
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Schistosomiasis
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An endemic infectious disease caused by a fluke, which also lives in snails for part of its life cycle. The infection causes a massive immune response, affecting about 200 million people worldwide
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Social factors
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Societal realities, such as racist or sexist policies, that might limit a person's access to health care
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Tuberculosis
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A potentially deadly lung disease, also known as TB. There are 9 million new cases each year.
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Vector
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The means by which a disease agent is transmitted to a host, such as a mosquito, tick, flu or rodent
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Yellow fever
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A mosquito-transmitted viral disease that causes an acute hemorrhagic fever, affecting about 200,000 people worldwide each year.
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