question
__ have inherent acid resistance so it takes a low infectious dose
answer
shigella
question
do enveloped or non-enveloped enteric viruses overcome stomach acid
answer
non-envelope
question
How does H. pylori overcome stomach acid
answer
urease which increases environment pH
question
bacteria have __ to overcome mucus
answer
flagella
question
acidity __ as we go from stomach to large intestine
answer
decreases
question
microbe number __ as we go from stomach to large intestine
answer
increases
question
__ are caused by facultative intracellular pathogens
answer
enteroinvasive
question
__ overgrowth can lead to vitamin deficiency
answer
bacterial
question
__ caused by bacteria that produce enterotoxin
answer
enterotoxin infections
question
___ infections are caused by bacteria that destroy epithelium
answer
enter-pathogenic
question
invasion plays a role in __ infections
answer
enteroinvasive
question
__ diarrhea is characterized by presence of pus adn PMNs
answer
inflammatory
question
inflammatory diarrhea is caused by -__ , salmonella,a nd campylobacter
answer
shigella
question
secrepty diarrhea is caused by ___ and ETEC
answer
vibrio cholera
question
most important treatment for secretory dirraeh ia
answer
rehydration
question
enteroinasive pathogens are all __ intracellular pathogens
answer
facultative
question
lac+ organism are ___ on lactose macconkey
answer
pink
question
lac - organism are __ on lactose macconkey
answer
yellow
question
only gram __ will grow on lactose macconkey
answer
negative
question
salmonella enterica is gram ___, __ anaerobes, lac ____, __ on TSI
answer
negative, facultative, negative, K/A
question
salmonella enteric is acid ___ and survives gastric passage
answer
tolerant
question
____ group of salmonella enteric only infects humans
answer
typhoid (S. typhoid)
question
____ group of salmonella enteria infects humans and animals
answer
non typhoid
question
typhoid fever is causes by ___ which is an obligate __ pathogen associated with profuse sweating and gastroenteritis
answer
salmonella enterica server typhi, human
question
T or F: while someone is in there carrier state with S. typhi they can spread it without being symptomatic
answer
T
question
shigella are gram __, non-motile rod, that are __ anaerobe
answer
negative, facultative
question
is there any animal resovior for shigella
answer
no
question
shigella colonizes in the __ of humans
answer
lower intestine tract
question
__ toxin is an A+B enterotoxin blocks the absorption glucose, electrolytes, AA
answer
shiga
question
shigellosis transmissio is __ to ___, symptoms within 1 week of exposure adn can lead to dysentery or more severe in rare cases ____
answer
person to person, HUS
question
shiage toxin is released by _- and ___ adn is associated with HUS
answer
S. dyseneteriae and EHEC
question
campylobacter jejune is gram ___, motile __ rod
answer
negative, screw like
question
enteroinvasive listeria is gram ___, grows at __ degrees, has __ based motility
answer
positive, 4, actin
question
foods often associated with listeria
answer
unprocessed dairy, processed meats
question
can listeria be passed from mother to fetus
answer
yes, can lead to miscarriage or stillbirth or pre-term labor
question
is there any role for invasion of host cells in enterotoxigenic infection
answer
no
question
vibrio cholera are gram __, comma shaped rods, __ anaerobes that are often on the shell of crabs/shrimps
answer
negative, facultative
question
which subunit of A+B toxic is active? repsosnibel for binding?
answer
A active, B for binding
question
cholera toxin and E. coli activates ___ which results in the secretion of Na, K, Cl, HCO3- out of cells followed by water leading to watery diarrhea
answer
adenylate cyclase
question
EHEC stands for
answer
Enterohemorrhagic E. coli
question
enteric viruses do not have ____
answer
envelopes
question
reovirus is ___ RNA that is segmented and a major pathogen is ___
answer
DS, rotavirus
question
rotavirus is from the __ virus family
answer
reovirus
question
norovirus is from the __ virus family
answer
calicivirus
question
astrovirus is from the __ virus family
answer
astrovirus
question
astrrovirus is ___ __ RNA
answer
SS, +
question
caliciviirus is __ +RNA
answer
SS
question
adenovirus is __ DNA
answer
DS
question
picornavirus is __ __ RNA
answer
SS +
question
Hep A is from the __ virus family
answer
picornavirus
question
__ is s segmented virus that has a 2 day incubation period with low grade fever, emesis, then 4-8 days watery diarrhea
answer
rotavirus
question
cruise ships are often ssocaitd with __ virus
answer
norovirus
question
there are vilus changes in the jejunum with __ infection
answer
norovirus
question
the __ polio vaccine is inactivated
answer
Salk
question
the __ polio vaccine is live and can stimulate IgA
answer
Sabin
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