Global Health and Disease

Eight international development goals that all members of the United Nations have agreed to achieve by 2015

The goals we know now (newer)
Help with global health and infectious disease

73.4 years
But this is not equal in countries

Inequality across countries
Decreased by 40%
Many women die from giving birth

Is the measure of quality of healthcare. A society that cannot ensure health of newborns and their mother clearly has deeper problems
Decreasing, but inequally
Most of the deaths occur in the first year of life

Some countries don't have enough doctors to aid everyone

True

Chronic Conditions that do not result from an (acute) infectious process due to genetic, physiological, enviromental, and/or behavior

Cardio Vascular diseases
Cancer
Diabetes
Chronic

Being passed from person to person
Infectious diseases
One cause as a result of contamination by micro-organisms capable of hosting and transferring the disease such as bacteria, viruses, or parasities

1. Person-to-person
2. Insects
3. Contamination of food/water
4. Exposure to...

True
Malaria, tuberculosis , and HIV globally has dropped in the number of cases

Diseases that are new, increasing in incidence, or showing a potential to increase in the near future
Most emerge from other animals/insects
Either diseases that have re-merged or a new disease

Growth of Population
Rapid Urbanization

True

Noncommunicable diseases
Heart Disease
Stroke
Increased obesity and heart disease with more industrialized countries
8.9 million deaths a year for noncommunciable diseases

Communciable diseases

CDC
World Health Organizations
Doctors without Borders

Poverty (Hard time)--->Inferior hygiene--->Contraction of ID--->Difficulties in attending schooling or working---> Lowered and lost social and economic vitality

Helps overcome inequalities
Examines the complex cultural, social, political, economic, and environmental conditions, factors and pathways that globally affect....
Health
Healthcare systems
Acess to care and quality of life

Diseases that persist in specicfic place for a given population year-round at fairly constant rates

Can be one person or a variety of people
An outbreak is a sudden rise in number of cases of a disease

On a larger scale of outbreak
A disease outbreak that rapidly spreads to many people

Prevalent over a whole country, region, or the world
Interupt society and functioning
Person-to-person transmission

Increased airline travel
Urbanization ( a lot more people concentrated in urban center, overcrowding, and problems with saniation)
Population Growth (more people in areas)
Climate Change

Diseases transmitted from animals to humans

Communicable

Bacteria
Ebola Virus

Person-to-person
Infected fluids (come into contact)

Had epidemic components but it spread through many countries in Africa thus becoming a panademic

Consuming wildlife in areas is part of culture
But many of these animals would fruits with virus on it from bats and then many people eat this animal and in contact with the blood leading virus to human population

Total Cases: 28,634
Total Deaths: 11, 314

West Africa
Senegal
Mali
Spain
Italy
UK
US

Takes up to 2 to 21 days to see symptoms
Fever
Headache
Diarrehea
Vomitting
Stomach Pain
Muscle Pain
Unexplained bleeding or bruising
Blood coming from everywhere
Seems like regular symptoms so it is hard to catch ebola

Local people thought it was a hoax because white doctors and groups were coming in and blacks would go into clinics and not make it out alive
Thought they were killing black people

Burial Pratices
Allowed the virus to spread rapidly because they would touch and bath the dead

Disnformation:
People who had the virus fled because they were sacred of getting killed

Medical Practioners didn't have efficient experience
Lack of santation and hygiene

Roits in quartneed areas thus touching bodily fluids

Africa
Not enough doctors for all the patients

True

Governmental and Nongovernmental
Governmental:
CDC
World Health Organization (WHO) (UN)

Nongovernmental:
Doctors without Borders

Not enough doctors
Doctors might not want to go abroad and put their lifes at risk
Many doctors didn't knwo what they were doing because they never dealt with Ebola before
Certain groups shouldn't of come in because lack of experience

Because they wanted to prevent panic and also because of politics

Ebola is increasing over time as we get farhter in 2000s which means there is an underlying cause

True

De-forestation which increased animals (bats) and people contact spreading the virus
Climate Change
Better technology to clear forests

Used in everything
Find Palm Oil in Africa because may of the major suppliers like India are facing climate change that affects the palm oil

cutting down more trees in Africa for palm oil .
Thus cutting down more trees is going to let bats move and find habitats in areas near human population thus giving more of the chance of the virus spreading

Increased

Those who live in poor areas do not live as long compared to those who live in wealthier countries

Decreased

Better universal healthcare
Better habits
Go to the doctor often
Stay in the hospital longer than most other patients in the North
Enjoy price controlled medications
Eat healthy and balanced diets
Low rates of obesity, hypertension, and heart disease

WHO defines good health as going beyond the mere absence of disease and infirmity, and including 'a complete state of physical, mental, and social well-being
Good Health and provision of healthcare are human rights
Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for health and well being of himself and his family

health care that is basic, personal, and general, and geared towards initial treatment rather than dealing with specialized or advanced problems

Health care made available to everyone at little or no direct cost, regardless of pre-existing conditions or ability to pay.

Increased urbanization, trade, international travel, and migration is going to lead disease to easier spread and more over-crowding
When people migrate they take disease with them
Widely spread with more migration and travel
In the South, they are undeveloped healthcare and poor sanation leading to increase of diseases. Hard to get necessary medication due to them not being avaible or too expensive

Environmental change: People are moving into newer regions as population grow exposing them to new diseases
Global temperature rises and weather pattern change push disease carrying insects with tropical disease further north where there is more people thus spreadinf disease