question
Medicine
answer
Preventing, diagnosing, treating health problems in INDIVIDUALS and families
question
Public health
answer
Promoting health and preventing illnesses, injuries, and early deaths at the POPULATION level (i.e. identifying enviornmental hazards, promoting healthy behvaiors, ensuring access to essential health services, taking other actions to protect the health, safety, and wellbeing of groups of ppl)
question
Intervention
answer
Strategic action intended to improve individual and population health status
question
Prevention science
answer
Study of which preventative health interventions are effective in various populations, how successful the interventions are, and how well they can be scaled up for widespread implementation
question
Primary prevention
answer
Ppl without diseases; treating individuals
question
Secondary prevention
answer
Ppl w/ early, nonsymptomatic diseases (i.e. biopsies); early diagnosis
question
Tertiary prevention
answer
Ppl w/ symptomatic diseases (i.e. chemo)
question
What is the importance of prevention science?
answer
Prevention science maintains good heath at less costly rates by avoiding rehabilitation costs after health crises.
question
Health transition
answer
A shift in health status of a population that usually occurs in conjunction w/ socioeconomic development
question
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)
answer
An international economic organization that helps its 30 member countries achieve sustainable economic growth and employment
question
Global health security
answer
seeks to protect populations from threats to health and safety by engaging a diversity of stakeholders, including governmental and military personnel, in public health interventions
question
Globalization
answer
Process of countries around the world becoming one integrated and interdependent across economic, political, cultural and other domains
question
Etiology
answer
Study of social, behavioral, environmental, biological, and other causes of disease
question
Health
answer
"A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity"
question
Ideal health trajectory
answer
Consenting adult full term birth, no serious infections or illness, lives on healthy and active for decades - old age, gentle death
question
Global health
answer
Collaborative actions taken to identify and address transnational concerns about the exposures and diseases that adversely affect human populations
question
PACES
answer
Strategies for prioritizing global health issues
Population, Action, Cooperation, Equity, and Security
Population, Action, Cooperation, Equity, and Security
question
Burden of disease (BOD)
answer
Refers to the adverse impact of a particular health condition (or group of conditions) on a population; can be measured w/ health metrics and economic indicators
question
Vital statistics
answer
population-level metrics about births, deaths, and other life events (census)
question
Birth rate
answer
the annual number of births per 1,000 people in the total population; generally higher in lower income areas
question
Death rate (mortality rate)
answer
Annual number of deaths per 1000; generally higher in old age
question
life expectancy
answer
expected number of years of life remaining at a given age, such as at birth
question
Healthy life expectancy (HALE)
answer
Number of years the average individual born into the population can expect to live without disability; male _____s generally lower
question
Morbidity
answer
Presence of illness or disease, whether that disease is relatively mild (common cold), or quite severe
question
Mortality
answer
Death
question
Incidence
answer
Number of new cases in a time period / total number of ppl at risk for that disease in that time period
question
Prevalence
answer
Number of total existing cases (newly diagnosed or long-established) / total number of ppl in population at time the prevalence is measured
question
Years of life lost (YLLs)
answer
Burden from premature mortality in a population (I.e. life expectancy of country = 80 yrs, but someone dies at 60, 20 _____)
question
years lived with disability (YLDs)
answer
Burden to a population from non-fatal health conditions that cause significant short- or long-term reduction in health status
question
Disability-adjusted life year (DALYs)
answer
The total burden of disease in a population from both premature deaths and disability
question
MDGs
answer
Spelled out 8 major goals to reduce global poverty by 2015
question
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
answer
Follow-up set of goals in 2013; focused on world's poorest billion ppl; includes much greater diversity of targets and indicators
question
Socioeconomic status (SES)
answer
Describes an individual's standing in a society based on individual and household income, education, gender, occupation, ethnicity and race, and other characteristics that exist within a broader cultural, social,m political, and policy environment
question
Social determinants of health
answer
Personal factors and community conditions that enable or hinder access to health
question
Health disparity
answer
An avoidable difference in health status between population groups
question
Inequity
answer
A health inequality that is considered to be unfair or unjust
question
Health Development Index (HDI)
answer
Estimate of national development based on composite data on longevity (life expectancy at birth), knowledge (schooling), and income (GNI per capital in purchasing power party dollars)
question
SDG 1
answer
Ambitious goal of ending poverty everywehre
question
Extreme poverty
answer
surviving on less income than an international poverty line, typically set at an income of less than $1 or $2 per person per day
question
Relative poverty
answer
Living on less than the nationally defined poverty line
question
Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI)
answer
Combines data about health, education, and standard of living
question
SDG 4
answer
Goal to ensure inclusive equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all
question
Functional literacy
answer
Ability to understand written words well enough to complete normal daily tasks (fill out bills, forms, etc.)
question
Health literacy
answer
Ability to access, understand, and apply health information (fill out health info forms, pamphlets)
question
SDG 5
answer
Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls
question
Sex
answer
Biological classification of ppl as male (xx) or female (xy) and reproductive anatomy
question
Gender
answer
Social, cultural, and psychological aspects of being male or female that are shaped by the sociocultural environment and experience in addition to biology
question
Gender roles
answer
How a culture believes men and women should behave
Order an Essay Now & Get These Features For Free:
Turnitin Report
Formatting
Title Page
Citation
Outline
