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Health
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a status of a person in physically, mentally, and socially complete well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
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Public Health
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the science and art of prevent disease, prolonging life, promoting physical and mental health through organized community efforts and a sanitary environment
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Examples of PUBLIC HEALTH activities
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promotion of hand washing, promotion of helmets, large scale screening for diabetes, knowledge on aids, screening of school children eyesore, taxation on tobacco and alcohol, supplementary feeding programs for the poor
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Global Health
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an area for study, research and practice that places a priority on improving health and achieving equity in health for people worldwide
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Examples of GLOBAL HEALTH issues
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emerging and re-emerging of infectious diseases, anti microbial resistance, eradication of polio, TB, malaria, HIV, increasing prevalence of diabetes and heart disease
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critical GLOBAL HEALTH concepts
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determinants of health (age, genetics, living sit)
risk factors for different health conditions (smoking)
global burden disease
measurement of health status
importance of culture to health
demographic and epidemiological transitions
organization and function of health systems
links among health, education, poverty, and equity
risk factors for different health conditions (smoking)
global burden disease
measurement of health status
importance of culture to health
demographic and epidemiological transitions
organization and function of health systems
links among health, education, poverty, and equity
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WHO regions
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Africa, Americas, Southeast Asia, Europe, Eastern Mediterranean, Western Pacific
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Seven world bani regions
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east asia and pacific
europe and central asian
latin america and carribean
middle east and north africa
south asian
north america
sub saharan africa
europe and central asian
latin america and carribean
middle east and north africa
south asian
north america
sub saharan africa
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World Bank Country Income Groups (GNI)
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low income: $995 or less
lower middle income: $996 to $3,895
upper middle income: 3,895 to 12,055
High income: 12,056 or more
lower middle income: $996 to $3,895
upper middle income: 3,895 to 12,055
High income: 12,056 or more
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UN Millennium Development Goals (2000)
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reducing poverty, achieve universal primary edu., promote gender equality, reduce child mortality, improve maternal health, combat HIV/AIDS and TB, ensure environmental stability, partnership for development
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Sustainable Development Goals
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no poverty
zero hunger
good health
gender equality
clean water
quality education
affordable and clean energy
economic growth and jobs
industry and innovation
reduced inequality
responsible consumption and production
sustainable cities and communities
life below water
climate change
peace and justice
life in land
partnerships for goals
zero hunger
good health
gender equality
clean water
quality education
affordable and clean energy
economic growth and jobs
industry and innovation
reduced inequality
responsible consumption and production
sustainable cities and communities
life below water
climate change
peace and justice
life in land
partnerships for goals
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Morbidity
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suffering, sickness or any departure l, subjective or objective from a psychological or physiological state of well being
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mortality
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death
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disability
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temporary or long term reduction in a persons capacity to function (impairment)
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Prevalence
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number of people suffering from a certain health condition over specified time (snapshot)
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Incidence
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the rate at which new cases of a disease occur in a population (many snapshots) (tells you if prevalence is increasing or decreasing)
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primordial prevention
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Environmental and societal policies
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primary prevention
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intervening before health effects occur (vaccines)
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Secondary prevention
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screening to identify disease before the onset signs and symptoms (screenings, testing)
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tertiary prevention
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managing disease post diagnosis stopping disease progression (rehab, medicine)
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communicable disease
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illness caused by a particular infectious agent that spreads directly or indirectly from people to people or animals to people (rabies, parasites)
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noncommunicable disease
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illness not spread by infectious agent (cancer, lung disease, liver disease)
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Determinants of health
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the range of personal, social, economic, and environmental factors, educational attainment, health behaviors, childhood development, access to care, and government policy that influence health status
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infant mortality rate
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The number of deaths of infants under age 1 per 1,000 live births per year
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life expectancy at birth
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the average number of years a newborn baby could expect to live if current mortality trends were to continue for the rest of the newborns life
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Maternal Mortality Rate
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the number of women who die as a result of pregnancy and childbirth complications per 100,000 live births in a given year
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neonatal mortality rate
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the number of deaths of infants under 28 days of age in a given year per 1,000 live births that year
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Under 5 mortality rate (child)
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the probability that a child will die before age 5 , expressed as a number per 1,000 live births
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Vital Registration
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records of births, deaths and causes of deaths
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