question
framework for global health nursing assessment
answer
- Patterns of care
- Demographic transitions
- Epidemiologic transitions
- Demographic transitions
- Epidemiologic transitions
question
patterns of care
answer
- Place or the lived environment
- Perceptions of health care
- Privilege or inequality
- Population health differences (demographics)
- Providers
- Procedures and interventions
- Partnerships
- Politics and policies
- Personal insight of health care workers
- Perceptions of health care
- Privilege or inequality
- Population health differences (demographics)
- Providers
- Procedures and interventions
- Partnerships
- Politics and policies
- Personal insight of health care workers
question
demographic transitions
answer
- Population increase or decrease (births vs. deaths)
- Migrations (e.g., rural to urban)
- Demographic transition theory
- Migrations (e.g., rural to urban)
- Demographic transition theory
question
Demographic transition theory
answer
- Slow change in high-income countries (centuries)
* "Long life, small family"
Fast change in low-income countries (decades)
* "Short life, large family"
* "Long life, small family"
Fast change in low-income countries (decades)
* "Short life, large family"
question
epidemiologic transitions
answer
Era of infectious diseases
Era of chronic, long-term health conditions
Era of social health conditions
Era of chronic, long-term health conditions
Era of social health conditions
question
Era of infectious diseases
answer
- Most died from infectious disease (plague, TB)
- High death rate and birth rate; short life expectancy
- High death rate and birth rate; short life expectancy
question
Era of chronic, long-term health conditions
answer
- Advent of antibiotics: increased life expectancy
- Increase in chronic illness (heart disease, cancer)
- Increase in chronic illness (heart disease, cancer)
question
Era of social health conditions
answer
- "Where you live determines your health"
- Neighborhood wealth/poverty, housing, crime, drugs
- Neighborhood wealth/poverty, housing, crime, drugs
question
global health concepts
answer
- Global burden of disease
- Health for All initiative
- Health in All Policies initiative
- Primary health care achievements
- Sustainable development goals
- Telehealth
- Women's health
- Health for All initiative
- Health in All Policies initiative
- Primary health care achievements
- Sustainable development goals
- Telehealth
- Women's health
question
Global Burden of Disease (GBD) =
answer
- population's disability-adjusted life years
- A series of studies with the goal of calculating health disparities among global populations
- A series of studies with the goal of calculating health disparities among global populations
question
Global burden of disease factors
answer
social, economic, and environmental
question
first global burdens of disease study
answer
- Commissioned by World Bank in 1990
- Brought together economists and health experts
- Later managed by - World Health Organization
- Focus: impact of morbidity and mortality rates
Since 2010, GBD studies repeated at regular intervals
- Brought together economists and health experts
- Later managed by - World Health Organization
- Focus: impact of morbidity and mortality rates
Since 2010, GBD studies repeated at regular intervals
question
health for all: a primary health care initiative
answer
- Initiative emphasizing primary health care (PHC)
- Created at International Conference on PHC in 1978
- Created at International Conference on PHC in 1978
question
a primary health care initiative goals
answer
- Affordable, culturally acceptable, accessible PHC
- Delivery of PHC via partnerships between:
* National health services
* Local communities
- Implement PHC for all by the year 2000
Each country to set goals for its population needs
- Delivery of PHC via partnerships between:
* National health services
* Local communities
- Implement PHC for all by the year 2000
Each country to set goals for its population needs
question
a primary health care initiative: common PHC services
answer
- Health promotion
- Disease prevention
- Treatment
- Rehabilitative care provided by health care workers who live in the same community
- Disease prevention
- Treatment
- Rehabilitative care provided by health care workers who live in the same community
question
response to the United States: healthy people
answer
- Launched in 1979
- Goal: reduce preventable death, injury by 1990
- Updated every decade (2000, 2010, 2020, 2030)
- Healthy People 2030
* Nation's current health goals and objectives
* Includes objectives for health attainment
- Goal: reduce preventable death, injury by 1990
- Updated every decade (2000, 2010, 2020, 2030)
- Healthy People 2030
* Nation's current health goals and objectives
* Includes objectives for health attainment
question
health in all policies initiative
answer
- An expansion of Health for All, developed in 2006
- Premise: good health in any society requires policies across all sectors to actively support health
- Policymakers must consider health impact of policies for:
* Transportation
* Housing
* Employment
* Nutrition
* Water and sanitation
* Education
- Premise: good health in any society requires policies across all sectors to actively support health
- Policymakers must consider health impact of policies for:
* Transportation
* Housing
* Employment
* Nutrition
* Water and sanitation
* Education
question
portugal: primary health care achievements
answer
- Extended comprehensive services to full population
- Organized Family Health Units (FHUs) across country
- FHU: designated groups of physicians, nurses, and staff who work to provide care to local patients and families and make decisions together with them about health needs
- Results: decreased infant mortality, increased life expectancy
- Organized Family Health Units (FHUs) across country
- FHU: designated groups of physicians, nurses, and staff who work to provide care to local patients and families and make decisions together with them about health needs
- Results: decreased infant mortality, increased life expectancy
question
sustainable development goals
answer
A collection of 17 global health goals targeting:
- Health improvement
- Eradication of:
* Poverty
* Hunger
* AIDS
* Discrimination against women and girls
- To be achieved by 2030
- Health improvement
- Eradication of:
* Poverty
* Hunger
* AIDS
* Discrimination against women and girls
- To be achieved by 2030
question
telehealth
answer
Long-distance provision of health care support and information via broadband and Internet devices
question
telehealth enable remote client and provider
answer
Contact
Care
Advice
Reminders
Education
Intervention
Monitoring
Care
Advice
Reminders
Education
Intervention
Monitoring
question
women's health goals:
answer
- Eliminate health disparities affecting women globally
- Decrease infant and maternal mortality
- Improve prenatal and delivery care
- Decrease infant and maternal mortality
- Improve prenatal and delivery care
question
Question
Which is a key goal of the Sustainable Development Goals?
A. Develop a vaccine for COVID-19
B. Expand the number of specialists in surgery
.C. Eradicate poverty
D. Improve the recovery of patients following stroke
Which is a key goal of the Sustainable Development Goals?
A. Develop a vaccine for COVID-19
B. Expand the number of specialists in surgery
.C. Eradicate poverty
D. Improve the recovery of patients following stroke
answer
c.
question
global health trends
answer
- United Nations (UN) and World Health Organization (WHO)
- Managing global diseases during epidemics and pandemics
- Interdependence of nations during migration
- Armed conflict, uprisings, wars, and humanitarian emergencies
- Managing global diseases during epidemics and pandemics
- Interdependence of nations during migration
- Armed conflict, uprisings, wars, and humanitarian emergencies
question
UN
answer
- Formed in 1945 by 50 nations to promote:
- International peace and security
- Friendly relations among nations
- Social progress
- Improved living standards
Today supports and manages several international funds, programs, and specialized agencies that focus on health
- International peace and security
- Friendly relations among nations
- Social progress
- Improved living standards
Today supports and manages several international funds, programs, and specialized agencies that focus on health
question
WHO
answer
world health organization
- A specialized agency within the UN
- Created in 1948
- Headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland
- Goal: promoting the health of all people globally
- As of 2020, has 194 member states
- A specialized agency within the UN
- Created in 1948
- Headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland
- Goal: promoting the health of all people globally
- As of 2020, has 194 member states
question
managing global disease during epidemics and pandemics
answer
- Global Outbreak Alert and Response Network (GOARN)
- International Health Regulations
- Public Health Emergencies of International Concern
- Global Health Security Agenda
- Global Influenza Surveillance Network
- One Health
Centers for Disease - Control and Prevention
- International Health Regulations
- Public Health Emergencies of International Concern
- Global Health Security Agenda
- Global Influenza Surveillance Network
- One Health
Centers for Disease - Control and Prevention
question
examples of recent epidemics and pandemics
answer
- SARS-CoV2 (COVID-19)
- Ebola
- Tuberculosis
- Malaria
- HIV/AIDS
- Acute respiratory tract infections
- Ebola
- Tuberculosis
- Malaria
- HIV/AIDS
- Acute respiratory tract infections
question
causes of population migration
answer
- Natural disasters
- Climate change
- economic opportunities
- Violence or armed conflict
- Food insecurity
- Climate change
- economic opportunities
- Violence or armed conflict
- Food insecurity
question
global compact for migration
answer
Adopted by UN in 2016 as a framework for international cooperation for orderly migration
question
armed conflicts, uprisings, wars, and humanitarian emergencies effects on health care
answer
- Health services become disorganized
- Decreased resources from disrupted supply chains
- Failure of infrastructures
- Epidemics
- Care of combatants prioritized over civilians
- Relocation of families
- Children injured, orphaned, at risk for disease
- Disruption of food cultivation, harvest, distribution, leading to malnutrition
- Decreased resources from disrupted supply chains
- Failure of infrastructures
- Epidemics
- Care of combatants prioritized over civilians
- Relocation of families
- Children injured, orphaned, at risk for disease
- Disruption of food cultivation, harvest, distribution, leading to malnutrition
question
global clinical service learning for the CHN
answer
- Requires global health ethical considerations
- Positive outcomes for C/PHN
* Increased awareness of socioeconomic disparities
* Improved cultural awareness
* Increased interest in PH, PHC careers
- Positive outcomes for communities
* Influx of resources, extra hands, supplies
- Positive outcomes for C/PHN
* Increased awareness of socioeconomic disparities
* Improved cultural awareness
* Increased interest in PH, PHC careers
- Positive outcomes for communities
* Influx of resources, extra hands, supplies
question
ethical considerations for the global health volunteer
answer
- The weight of authority
- The volunteer effect
- The burden of hosting
- Individual motivations
- The volunteer effect
- The burden of hosting
- Individual motivations
question
Question
Is the following statement true or false?
The World Health Organization is a specialized agency within the UN with the goal of promoting the health of all people globally.
Is the following statement true or false?
The World Health Organization is a specialized agency within the UN with the goal of promoting the health of all people globally.
answer
true
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