health promotion & disease prevention – exam 1

a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

a practice, often associated with Western medicine, that seeks to apply the principles of biology and the natural sciences to the practice of diagnosing disease and promoting healing

disorder/illness/condition

poor health

disease or period of sickness

positive feelings
lack of ill health
being well and feeling good

- away from focusing on individuals and disease
- towards whole person and well being
- community
- nation
- world

- traditional
- heath is the absence of disease
- curative vs. prevention
- has specialists
- more prevalent in US

- preventative
- more than just physical health
- holistic
- self help (person is part of solution)
- environment, relationships, friendships effect it

- global
- environmental
- societal
- personal (mental, physical, emotional, spiritual, sexual, social)

a model that illustrates the full range of health between the extremes of illness and wellness
Insel and roth

social
emotional
environmental
spiritual
physical
intellectual

Greenberg 2004
dimension : emotional, environmental, physical, social, spiritual

- genetical and biological factors
- lifestyle factors
- environmental factors
- extent and nature of health services

- genetic predispositions
- genome tracking

- exercise
- diet
- healthy factors (smoking and drinking habits)
- your occupation (your workload)

- social life (what's happening around you)
- pollution (water/air)
- weather/climate changes
- natural disasters
- crime
- location

- what health services you have access to
- whats available based on income, geography, etc

people, organizations and things around you in everyday life
- social class
- income
- housing and its quality
- employment
- gender
- ethic minorities
- geographic location

movement created in the US to create what they want to achieve by 2030

- education : access to education and equitable education
- money and income : having $$ and sustainable jobs
- healthcare : access to healthcare and affordable care
- environment : build environment and promotes health
- social : community and social aspects are supported

lifestyles
consequence
psychological factors
material disadvantage
limited access

risky behavior (more prevalent in lower socioeconomic status sectors)

early life & childhood (ex. abused as child, malnourishment, no school etc.)

marginalization and isolation due to relative inequalities of income or material resources

distribution of resources

can't pay for things, dont have insurance, etc.

1. strengthen individuals & strengthen communities
3. improve access
4. healthy public policies (ex no text and drive, having sidewalks)

- identifies public health priorities to help individuals, organizations and communities across the US improve health and well being
- integrated health promotion

- 10 year prevention that is evidence based
- extensive collaboration and provides national framework
- systematic approach through compressive set of national objectives, addresses all determinants of health, measure health status

broader understanding of health promotion - shift in focus from individual risk factors to addressing context and meaning of health actions

primary health care for preventive care

inputs to outputs (we spend a lot of money on healthcare but dont get good results)

enable people o increase control over and improve their own health

- health systems
- promoting health through life
- noncommunicable and communicable diseases
- corporate services
- preparedness

- shift from individuals to total populations
- organized community effort
- focus on the majority of individuals
- strategic aim to strengthen resources for health

health is produced in the dynamic exchange between people and their environment, created self esteem, a sense of self worth and social capital

1. prioritization helps identify areas of concern
2. planning - programming and PSA
3. justification of resources
4. professional development : demonstrate importance of health promotion

indirect measure fo the desired outcome which is itself strongly correlated to the outcome (ex. bmi

study of Florence and spread of disease (negative means measuring on the absence of health)

death death (usually do to a specific disease)

how many deaths per thousand

standardized mortality ratio

infant mortality rate

frequency of a disease

yes - are people taking advantage of it or no

# of new cases in a time period

% of people with illness at a specific time or period

causes of a disease

what caused it and what is it associated with

the chance of getting it
based on individual and population risk factors

how much illness is due to a specific factor

- relatively unbiased
- can measure health status
- environmental indicators
- socioeconomic indicators

a method for describing and estimating the effects that a proposed project or policy may have on the health of a population

"if I take this action how will it affect my safety and health"

- physical well being, function ability
- psychological (personality, interests, depression)
- social health (social anxiety and relationship quizzes)
- QOL (quality of life) : multi faceted (general well being)
- QALYs = quality of adjusted life years (life expectancy X quality of remaining years)

1. emotional
2. career
3. social
4. spiritual
5. physical
6. financial
7. intellectual
8. creative
9. environmental

- originated from LaLonde report (WHO)
- change in perception of determinants (went more towards preventative)
- shift from communicable to chronic disease because of lifestyles
- importance of primary health care providers

1. population as a whole in everyday life
2. act on the causes/determinants of health
3. complimentary approaches to HP (promote health on more than one level)
4. encourages self help; personal investment in health
5. importance of health care professionals in promoting health

improving overall health; health provtion; prevention of illness or injury

early detection, screening, and management of disease

sometimes not possible to reverse illness
return to optimum level of wellness after injury or illness; prevention of recurrence of problems

1. advocacy
2. enablement
3. mediation

representing, lobbying, policy; ways to promotes by representing people

assisting others to help themselves; identifying assets; removing barriers

between factions; promoting understanding