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Original Definition Of Health
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The absence of disease
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WHO 1947
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a state of complete mental physical and social wellbeing and not merely absence of disease or infirmary
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Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion
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less of an abstract state and more of a means to an end which can be expressed in functional terms as a resource that permits people to live an individually, socially, and economically productive life
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Domains of Health
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Physical, Financial, Mental, Social, Environmental
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mental health
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process information
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emotional health
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process feelings
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health promotion
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any planned combination of educational, political, environmental, regulatory, or organizational mechanisms that support actions and conditions of living conducive to the health of individuals, groups, and communities
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Health Education
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Individual Knowledge and skills
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Epidemiology
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The study of the occurrence and distribution of health related diseases or events in specific populations including the study of the determinants influencing such states and the application of this knowledge to control the health problem
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main assumption of epidemiology
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disease does not occur randomly
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Main focus of epidemiology
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risk
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Morbidity
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illness
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mortality
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death
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Incidence
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number of new cases per population
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Prevalence
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existing cases per population
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YPLL
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years of potential life lost, measure premature death, skewed by death of children
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DALY
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disability adjusted life years, additional length of life under impairment plus premature death, reflects disease burden, combines mortality and morbidity, YLD + YPLL
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crude
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no adjustments
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standardized
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adjusted for comparison
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Determinants of health
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the condition in which people are born, grow, work, live and age and the wider set of forces and systems that shape those conditions
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most powerful determinant of health
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socioeconomic status
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causation pathway
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Indirect Contributing Factor; Direct Contributing Factor; Risk Factor; Health Issue
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Whitehall Study
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investigated social determinants of health, specifically the cardiovascular disease prevalence and mortality rates among British male civil servants between the ages of 20 and 64.
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ACE study
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There is an associates between troubled childhoods and health issues
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ACEs
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Neglect, Abuse, Household Dysfunction
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Health Disparities
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Differences in health status and outcomes between different population subgroups, driven by social determinants of health
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Example of health disparity
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infant mortality, maternal death
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Culture
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Sum of learned behaviors of a group that are traditional and transmitting, what we think and believe about health
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QUOTE
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CULTURE TRUMPS EVERYTHING
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Habits occur in a
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habitat
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explanatory theory
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describe why a problem exists
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change theory
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guide the development of health interventions
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Socioecological model
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interaction of individual w environment
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individual factors
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pathophysiological pathways, genetic/ constitutional factors, Individual risk factors
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Interpersonal factors
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social relationships, living conditions,
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organizational and community factors
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neighborhoods/ communities and institutions
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policy
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social and economical policies
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social ecological theory emphasizes
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linages and relationships between multiple factors of health
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