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What is Health (WHO, 1947)?
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The state of complete mental, physical, and social well-being not merely the absence of disease of infirmity
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What is Health (Hanlon, 1974)?
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Comfort, well-being, and the distinction between physical and mental health differs in social classes, cultures, and religious groups
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What is Health (WHO, 1986)?
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Seen as a resource for everyday life, not the object of living
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What is Race? What is it focused on?
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Physical appearance due to particular historical, social, and political forces; Focused on physical characteristics
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What is Ethnicity? What is it focused on?
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Shared cultural identity with distinct behavioral characteristics; Focused on common cultural traits
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What is Nationality? What is it determined by?
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Membership to a nation or sovereign state; Determined by Citizenship, Place of Residency, and Sense of National Identity
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Health DISPARITIES are the differences in _______, _______, _______, and _______ within a population.
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Incidence, Prevalence, Mortality, Burden of Disease
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Health CARE DISPARITIES are the differences in _______, _______, or _______ within a population.
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Illnesses, Health Outcomes, Access to Care
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What does Inequality in Health refer to?
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Refers to the differences in both HEALTH EXPERIENCE and HEALTH STATUS between countries, regions, states, and socioeconomic groups
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What does Inequity in Health mean?
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The systematic, unfair, or unjust, yet potentially avoidable differences in access to HEALTH SERVICES across defined population groups
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What are Determinants of Health? Definition.
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Represent factors which directly cause illness and disease or are risk factors that affect the health of a population, community, or individual
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What are the Determinants of Health Factors?
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Socio-environmental factors, Physical Environment Factors, Individual or Personal Factors, and Access to Health Services
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What is Mortality?
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Number of deaths within a population;
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Mortality Rate #1:
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Crude Mortality Rate: Total number within a Time Period
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Mortality Rate #2:
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Cause-Specific: Attributed to a particular cause/disease/illness
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Mortality Rate #3:
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Age-Specific: specific Age Group
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Mortality Rate #4:
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Infant Mortality Rate: Infants under the age of 1
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Mortality Rate #5:
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Life Expectancy: The average years a person can expect to live a healthy/productive lifestyle that is determined at a particular age
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What is Morbidity?
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Number of individuals with a disease, illness, injuries, and disabilities within a population
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Morbidity Measure #1:
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Incidence: Number of persons contracting/new cases of a disease
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Morbidity Measure #2:
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Prevalence: Number of persons who have/all cases a particular disease/condition
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What is Socioeconomic Status (SES)?
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Measure of social and economic characteristics
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What does SES include?
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Income, Poverty Level, Wealth, Education, Work Status/Occupation, and Place of Residence