HM 101 – module 10

health problems, issues, and concerns that transcend national boundaries and are beyond the control of individual nations, and are best addressed by cooperative actions and solutions (achieving health worldwide)

refers to any health issue that concerns many countries or is affected by transnational determinants

climate change, urbanisation, malnutrition, HIV/AIDS, containment of COVID

public health ---> international health ---> global health

developed as a field of study in the mid 19th century in UK, Europe and US. concerned more with national issues (data and evidence to support action, focus on populations, social justice and equity, emphasis on prevention vs. cure)

the application of the principles of public health to problems and challenges that affect low and middle-income countries and to the complex array of global and local forces that influence them (ex: diseases, conditions such as war)

social sciences
behavioural sciences
law
economics
history
engineering
biomedical sciences
environmental sciences

cause of death, life expectancy at birth, maternal mortality rate, infant mortality rate, neonatal mortality rate, child mortality rate

number of deaths per thousand of women giving birth.

the percentage of children who die before their first birthday within a particular area or country.

the death rate among newborns in the first 28 days of life.

number of deaths per thousand children within the first five years of life.

beliefs about health and the influence of culture on health (diversity, racism, etc.) differ depending on the culture you reside within

the global burden of disease (GBD) is a way to describe the world's health. the GBD combines losses from premature death and losses that result from disability. the GBD represents units of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs).

describes mortality and morbidity from major diseases, injuries and risk factors to health at global, national and regional levels. examining trends from 1990 to the present and making comparisons across populations enables understanding of the changing health challenges facing people across the world in the 21st century.

infectious/communicable diseases, malnutrition related conditions

HIV/AIDS, vaccine preventable diseases, malaria, TB, calorie deficiences

non communicable diseases: circulatory diseases (heart disease, stroke), cancers, injuries and poisonings