question
What do microorganisms need to grow?
answer
moisture, heat, nutrients, O2
question
What is the term for an infection acquired in the hospital?
answer
HAI- health-care associated infection
Nosocomial
Nosocomial
question
Which fungus can lead to oral thrush? How do you prevent it?
answer
candida albicans
rinse mouth
rinse mouth
question
In a cleaning/sterilizing unit- why is one way flow of equipment important?
answer
to prevent cross-contamination
question
A biological indicator will determine... ?
answer
if the process of sterilization was effective
question
A tape indicator changes color/pattern when... ?
answer
conditions for sterilization have been met
question
What precautions do you take for droplet isolation?
answer
wash hands, gloves, gown, mask if <3ft from pt
question
Which methods of sterile processing DISINFECT?
answer
boiling, pasteurization, radiation
question
What are standard precautions?
answer
Precautions you take with every pt: wash hands, gloves, mask, gown, eye protection
question
After sterilization with ethylene oxide, what must be done?
answer
Aeration
(8-12 hours, between 50-60 degree C)
(8-12 hours, between 50-60 degree C)
question
Which bacteria requires AFB stain?
answer
mycobacterium
question
Can liquid chemicals sterilize equipment? If yes, how?
answer
Yes, by adding heat
question
What are the disadvantages of using ethylene oxide?
answer
time consuming, expensive, hazardous, toxic
question
TRUE OR FALSE: micro-organisms can propel themselves?
answer
false
question
How are microorganisms transported? What are routes by which microorganisms are transported? What are sources of transmission?
answer
source-route-host
source: humans, inanimate objects, autogenous
routes: contact (direct, indirect), droplet, airborne, nonperson-to-person: vector, vehicle
source: humans, inanimate objects, autogenous
routes: contact (direct, indirect), droplet, airborne, nonperson-to-person: vector, vehicle
question
What are the methods of sterile processing?
answer
autoclave, EtO, hydrogen peroxide, paracetic acid
question
What are the three shapes we use to classify bacteria?
answer
cocci- round
bacilli- rod-like
Spirillum- spiral
bacilli- rod-like
Spirillum- spiral
question
Sterlization
answer
kills all living organism
question
Disinfection
answer
removes vegetative organisms
question
Examples of Gram+
answer
Bacillus anthracis
Streptococcus pneumoniae (round cocci)
Staphylococcus aureus (less responsive to antibiotics)
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Clostridium sp. (C. botulinum, C. tetani)
Streptococcus pneumoniae (round cocci)
Staphylococcus aureus (less responsive to antibiotics)
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Clostridium sp. (C. botulinum, C. tetani)
question
Examples of Gram-
answer
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (most common nosocomial)
Acinetobacter baumannii
Escherichia coli (E.coli)
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Bordetella pertussis (whooping cough)
*less responsive to antibiotics
Acinetobacter baumannii
Escherichia coli (E.coli)
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Bordetella pertussis (whooping cough)
*less responsive to antibiotics
question
Basic Microbiology
answer
study of organisms such as bacteria, viruses, protozoa, fungi, and algae
question
CAP
answer
community onset, community acquired pneumonia
question
HAP/ nosocomial
answer
developed in the hospital, hospital acquired pneumonia
question
HAI
answer
health-care associated infection, develop in a pt during treatment
question
VAP
answer
ventilator-acquired pneumonia
question
Acid Fast Stain
answer
used to identify bacteria that belong to the genus mycobacterium
question
PPE
answer
Personal Protective Equipment
question
AFB
answer
Acid Fast Bacillus
question
TB
answer
tuberculosis
question
ISO
answer
isolation
question
MDR
answer
multi drug resistant
question
MRSA
answer
methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus
question
C.diff
answer
Clostridioides difficile
question
PAPR
answer
purified air power respirator
question
DON
answer
put on
question
DOFF
answer
take off
question
H1N1
answer
swine flu
question
VRE
answer
vancomycin resistant enterococcus
question
SARS
answer
severe acute respiratory syndrome
question
MERS
answer
Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome
question
HEPA
answer
high efficiency particulate air filter
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