Introduction Pt. 2

study of people

The study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states in specified populations, and the application of this study to control health problems.

epi

demi

study

at what geographical boundaries that these diseases can be found (Endemic or Pandemic)

practices of people that cause the diseases, does the educational level or status of the family correlates with a disease.

2 branches of epidemiology

distribution of health-related states

Determinants of health-related states

descriptive epidemiology describes disease occurrences as to _______,__________,_________

analytical epidemiology involves the examination of association between variables

descriptive: __________ hypotheses
analytical:___________ hypotheses

Descriptive describes the population in terms of the number of people only

Descriptive describes the time (when is this happening)

Enumerate the determinants of health

determinant of health that includes the hereditary diseases of the family

Determinant of health that determines what part of the environment predispose or supports the occurrence of a disease

the determinants that focuses on different characteristics of the people that are predispose the disease

a determinant that shows how many people in the community have the disease

a determinant that describes what are the happenings in the political area (Reclamation), how is the healthcare system delivered by the government.

• Common disease in family lineage
• Roles in the family - child, parents,
extended family members
• Gender
• Age of family members

• Age
• Gender
• Age-Sex structure
• Civil status
• Educational or literacy level

• Income
• Occupation
• Employment
• Type and ownership of house
• Monthly expenses
• Appliances in the home
• Insurance of members
• Level of education

• Religion
• Ethnicity
• Health beliefs
• Value system
• Cultural system
• Health behavior (including Health
Seeking Behavior)
• Enabling factors to health-seeking

• Type of leadership
• Accessibility of community resources
• Participation of multi-sectoral groups in
policy making, existing policies
• Implementation of policies
• Disparity between rich and underprivileged
good
• Peace and order of the place
• Community programs and their
implementation

• Presence of infrastructures which
promotes health (recreation centers, daycare centers, schools, basketball courts
and venue to community assemblies)
• Recreational programs especially for the
children and youth
• Network between
sectors/agencies/organizations

• Transport modes and routes
• Communication modes
• Delivery of basic needs (water and
sanitation)
• Availability of electricity
• Well-managed financial resources

• Population and density
• vital rates/statistics (birth rate, death rate,
fertility rate, mortality, and morbidity rates)
• nutritional status

• Topography/geography
• Garbage disposal or Waste Management
System
• Food and water safety
• Occurrence of natural and man-made
calamities,
• Excreta disposal/sewerage system
• Occurrence of vector-borne diseases

• Delivery of health services
• Utilization of health resources
• Health policies and programs
• Health facilities and supplies
• Delivery of basic health needs by thehealth
unit (i.e. water and sanitation)

• Adequacy of manpower resources (ratio of
health workers to population or household),
food safety, mode of communication and
transportation, presence of organized
groups which supports prompt delivery of
health services, well-managed financial
resources, and health facility