question
Bacteria most commonly found in the urethra
answer
corynebacteria, Staphylococcus epidermidis
question
Bacteria most commonly found in the vagina
answer
corynebacteria, staphylococci, streptococci, Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus acidophilus
question
Escherichia coli O157H7
answer
dangerous strain acquired by eating fecal contaminated vegetables or undercooked meat.
question
Escherichia coli O157H7 infection causes
answer
inflammation and bleeding of intestinal mucosa; bloody diarrhea; can lead to kidney failure
question
Escherichia coli normal microbiota
answer
intestinal tract
question
Escherichia coli is a member of
answer
Enterobacteriaceae
question
Enterobacteriaceae
answer
large and diverse group that cause a wide range of infections
UTIs, diarrhea, bacteremia, and other normally sterile body sites - Nosocomial pathogen of various body sites
UTIs, diarrhea, bacteremia, and other normally sterile body sites - Nosocomial pathogen of various body sites
question
Enterobacter aerogenes gram test
answer
gram negative bacilli
question
Enterobacter aerogenes is a
answer
nosocomial pathogen.
Infects seriously debilitated patients
Infects seriously debilitated patients
question
Enterobacter aerogenes normal microbiota
answer
intestinal tract
question
Enterobacter aerogenes is a member of
answer
Enterobacteriaceae
question
Enterobacter aerogenes nosocomial infections
answer
UTIs, wound, respiratory, bacteremia, and several other normally sterile body sites
question
Proteus vulgaris gram test
answer
gram negative rod
question
Proteus vulgaris is a
answer
nosocomial pathogen- Infects patients in long-term care facilities; compromised immune systems; and underlying conditions
question
Proteus vulgaris normal microbiota
answer
intestinal tract
question
Proteus vulgaris is a member of
answer
Enterobacteriaceae
question
Proteus vulgaris nosocomial infections
answer
UTIs, wound, respiratory, bacteremia, and several other normally sterile body sites
question
Pseudomonas aeruginosa gram test
answer
gram negative rod
question
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an
answer
Opportunistic infection that causes both hospital and community acquired infections
question
Pseudomonas aeruginosa normal microbiota
answer
NEVER normal microbiota—always a pathogen
- Found in aquatic environments
- Found in aquatic environments
question
Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections
answer
Hospital acquired:UTIs, respiratory, wound infections, and bacteremia
- Community acquired: skin infections, otitis media, and wound infections following trauma
- Community acquired: skin infections, otitis media, and wound infections following trauma
question
MacConkey agar
answer
selective (gram negative) and differential
question
MacConkey agar is selective because
answer
bile salts and crystal violet dye
question
bile salts and crystal violet dye
answer
contains bile salts and crystal violet which inhibits growth of gram-positive bacteria while promoting gram-negative bacterial growth
question
MacConkey agar is differential because
answer
because it contains lactose and neutral red which allows for differentiation between non-lactose and lactose fermenters
question
Oxidation-Fermentation Glucose Agar contains
answer
glucose and bromthymol blue (pH indicator)
question
Fermentative bacteria will _______ media to a much greater extent than will oxidative bacteria
answer
acidify
question
Oxidative metabolism results in the production
answer
CO2
question
Fermentative metabolism results in the production of
answer
acid
question
Color of the O-F media turns yellow below
answer
pH 6
question
Color of the O-F media turns green
answer
between pH 6-7.6
question
Oxidase
answer
specific enzyme used in by certain bacteria in cellular respiration
question
Oxidase test
answer
identifies bacteria that have cytochrome oxidase
question
Oxidase test reagent turns
answer
purple if positive
question
CFL/ml
answer
1000 x the number of colonies growing on the plate surface
question
MacConkey agar positive for lactose turns
answer
pink
question
MacConkey agar with clear growth
answer
gram-negative
question
MacConkey agar with no growth indicates
answer
gram-positive
question
Common VAP Pathogens
answer
Streptococcus (gram+) and Staphylococcus (gram -)
question
The O-F test is useful in the classification of
answer
gram-negative bacteria
question
Besides oxidation & fermentation, O-F medium allows determination of what other characteristic of bacterium?
answer
motility
question
Anaerobic
answer
growth without oxygen (oxidase +)
question
What is the purpose of mineral oil in the O-F test?
answer
Prevents O2 from causing oxidative metabolism and forces anaerobic conditions for fermentative metabolism
question
Common burn wound bacteria
answer
Pseudomonos aeruginosa (gram -, oxi +) and Staphylococcus aureus
question
Facultative anaerobes are consider oxidase
answer
negative
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