Lecture 1: Principles, Measurements, and The Health-Development Link Global Health Priorities

a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting physical health and mental health and efficiency through organized community efforts toward a sanitary environment.

an area for study, research, and practice that places a priority on improving health and achieving equity in health for all people worldwide

refers to the adverse impact of a particular health condition (or group of conditions) on a population. Disease burden can be measured with health metrics and economic indicators.

Low-cost primary prevention activities are usually the most cost-effective interventions

are population-level metrics about births, deaths, and other life events

the annual number of births per 1,000 people in the total population

the annual number of deaths per 1000 people

at birth is the median expected age at death of all babies born alive.

is the number of years the average individual born into the population can expect to live without disability.

the presence of illness or disease, whether that disease is relatively mild, like the common cold, or quite severe

death

the number of new cases of the disease occurring in a time period divided by the total number of people at risk for that disease in that time period.

the number of total existing cases, whether newly-diagnosed or long-established, divided by the total number of people in the population at the time the prevalence is measured

the burden from premature mortality in a population

the burden to a population from nonfatal health conditions that cause significant short- or long-term reduction in health status.

the total burden of disease in a population from both premature deaths and disability

spelled out 8 major goals for significantly reducing global poverty by 2015.

are 17 goals established by the member countries of the United Nations at the end of 2015 that aim by 2030 to end poverty, protect the planet, and promote prosperity and peace.

17 SDGs are operationalized through 169 targets and 230 indicators