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england
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a division of the United Kingdom
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france
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a republic in western Europe
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russia
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a former empire in eastern Europe and northern Asia created in the 14th century with Moscow as the capital
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john locke
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English empiricist philosopher who believed that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience (1632-1704)
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jean-jacques rousseau
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A French man who believed that Human beings are naturally good & free & can rely on their instincts. Government should exist to protect common good, and be a democracy
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baron de montesquieu`s
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French aristocrat who wanted to limit royal absolutism; Wrote The Spirit of Laws, urging that power be separated between executive, legislative, and judicial branches, each balancing out the others, thus preventing despotism and preserving freedom. This greatly influenced writers of the US Constitution. He greatly admired British form of government., believed government should have separation of powers
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limited government
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In this type of government everyone, including all authority figures, must obey laws. Constitutions, statements of rights, or other laws define the limits of those in power so they cannot take advantage of the elected, appointed, or inherited positions.
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unlimited government
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A government in which no limits are imposed on the ruler's authority. The leaders don't have to follow the same laws as everyone else.
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totalitarian
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characterized by a government in which the political authority exercises absolute and centralized control
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state of nature
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a wild primitive state untouched by civilization
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social contract
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an implicit agreement among people that results in the organization of society
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enlightenment
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a movement in the 18th century that advocated the use of reason in the reappraisal of accepted ideas and social institutions
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constitution
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the act of forming something
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magna carta
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the royal charter of political rights given to rebellious English barons by King John in 1215
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