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VRIO
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Value, Rarity, Imitability, Organization
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Cost Leadership
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Generate economic value by having lower costs than competitors
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Product Differentiation
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generate economic value by offering a product that customer prefer over a competitor's product
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Cost Leadership Strategy
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Increase EVC by decreasing costs
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product differentiation
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Increase EVC by increasing PV
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Economies of Scale
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increase in firm size is measured by lower costs. As the volume of the firm increases, the average cost per unit increases until some optimal volume of production is reached
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Diseconomies of Scale
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Can increase costs if firms grow too large. If volume of production rises beyond some point, this can lead to an increase in unti costs.
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Learning Curve Economies
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A firm gets more efficient at a process with experience. The more complicated/ technical the process the grater the experience advantage.
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Differential low cost access to Productivity
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Occurs when firms are able to access inputs at less costs then competitors
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Policy Choices
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Technological Advances Independent of Scale
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Technology allows firms to be competitive