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Freedom of Information Act (FOIA)
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a federal law that mandates that all the records created and kept by federal agencies in the executive branch of government must be open for public inspection and copying, except those records that fall into one of nine exempted categories listed in the statute
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trespass
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unlawful entry on another person's land or property
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open-meetings laws
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state and federal statutes that requires that certain meetings of public agencies - normally in the executive branch of the government - be open to the public and the press
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Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
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a five-member body appointed by the president whose function is to administer the federal laws relating to advertising, antitrust, and many other business matters
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executive privilege
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an asserted common-law privilege of the president and other executives to keep presidential papers, records, and other documents secret, even from Congress
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Government in Sunshine Act/federal open-meetings law
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a federal law that requires approximately 50 federal agencies and bureaus to hold all their meetings in publish, unless a subject under discussion is included within one of the 10 exemptions contained in the statute
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statutory construction
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the process undertaken by courts to interpret or construe the meaning of statutes
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open-records laws
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state and federal statutes that require that certain records of public agencies - normally in the executive branch of government - be open for inspection and copying by the public and the press
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Privacy Act
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a federal statute that forbids the disclosure of specific material held by federal agencies on the grounds that its release could invade the privacy of the subject of the report or document
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special damages
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damages that can be awarded to a plaintiff in a lawsuit upon proof of specific monetary loss