Micro Exam 4

A microbiologist does a Gram stain on a CSF. She sees intracellular and extracellular gram-negative diplococci. What is the most likely organism?

A young adult goes to the emergency department complaining of headache, dizziness, stiff neck, and purpura with a petechial skin rash. What two tests should the physician immediately perform?

Gonococcal infections occur primarily in all the following sites, except

How are Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections transmitted?

How is Neisseria meningitidis most commonly spread?

How should a specimen for Neisseria gonorrhoeae culture be transported to the laboratory?

If a Gram stain of urethral discharge from a male has more than four polymorphonuclear leukocytes per field but no bacteria, this is suggestive of what condition?

If a female is symptomatic, what are the most common symptoms of Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection?

If a male is infected with Neisseria gonorrhoeae, what would be the results of a Gram stain of purulent urethral discharge reveal?

In a CTA carbohydrate test, a gram-negative diplococcus produces acid only from glucose and maltose. You should suspect

Nonpathogenic commensal Neisseria spp. include all the following, except

The symptoms of meningococcal meningitis include all of the following, except

The virulence factors for Neisseria spp. include all the following, except

To which category do most Neisseria spp. belong?

Typically, all Neisseria spp. are all of the following, except

Under what conditions should inoculated plates for Neisseria gonorrhoeae culture be incubated?

What disease is most commonly associated with newborns passing through a birth canal infected with Neisseria gonorrhoeae?

What organism is a commensal of the upper respiratory tract and has become an opportunistic pathogen causing upper and lower respiratory tract infections in otherwise healthy children and the older adults?

Why do Thayer-Martin and Martin-Lewis media have antimicrobial agents added?

What type of swab should be used for a Neisseria gonorrhoeae culture?

A microbiologist is reading a sputum culture and notices that there is no growth on the sheep blood and MacConkey (MAC) agar plates, but there is heavy growth on the chocolate plate. The colonies on the plate are translucent, moist, smooth, and convex, with a mousy odor. What is the most likely identification of the organism?

A microbiologist is reading a sputum culture and notices tiny, translucent colonies growing closely around a β-hemolytic colony on sheep blood agar (SBA). The colonies are growing in the area where the blood has been hemolyzed. What is the probable identity of the organism that is growing closely to the β-hemolytic organism, and why are they growing in the hemolyzed area?

A technician is working the night shift and receives a CSF specimen on an infant. The technician makes a Gram stain of the spinal fluid, then reads the smear under the microscope. The report the technician sends to the physician reads as follows: "gram-negative bacillus, small and pleomorphic." What bacteria are being implied as the infecting agent?

All of the following are characteristics of Haemophilus spp., except

How is pertussis spread?

This organism is described as glistening, silver, and resembling a mercury droplet on media supplemented with horse blood.

What agar is used to isolate Bordetella pertussis?

What are the names of the two diseases caused by Legionella species?

What is the most frequently isolated Pasteurella species?

What is the name of the organism that causes tularemia, which can be contracted from rabbits?

What is the specimen of choice for Bordetella pertussis?

What medium is used to isolate Legionella?

What organism is likely to cause an infection after a cat bite?

What organism produces a community-acquired pneumonia, with symptoms different than a Streptococcus pneumoniae infection, leading to the designation of atypical pneumonia?

Which one of the virulence factors associated with Haemophilus spp. plays the most significant role in the invasiveness of the organism?

Which species are associated with infections in humans?

Which species of Haemophilus requires both X and V factors?

A fastidious gram negative rod is isolated from a human bite wound. It is growing on the SBA and CHOC agars with small, yellow colonies that are pitting the agar. A chlorine bleach-like odor is detected from the agar. What is this organism?

What is the causative agent of undulant fever?

The following are all characteristics of the HACEK group of organisms except for:

A chocolate agar plate incubated at 42° C from a stool exhibits colonies that are nonhemolytic, moist, "runny looking," and spreading. The Gram stain shows tiny gram-negative rods with some S-shapes and seagull-wing shapes. What is growing on the plate?

All of the following are biochemical characteristics of Vibrio spp., except

How is Helicobacter pylori presumptively identified?

How is cholera treated?

Most Vibrio sp. are generally halophilic. However, which one can also grow in an environment with 0% sodium chloride?

Most infections caused by Vibrio cholerae are associated with

What disease manifests in acute cases as a severe gastroenteritis, accompanied by vomiting followed by diarrheic stools that are described as rice water and occur 10 to 30 times a day?

What environment is Aeromonas spp. most commonly found in?

What is the name of the organism that is responsible for "summer diarrhea" in Japan?

What is the name of the organism that is strongly associated with gastric, peptic, and duodenal ulcers, as well as gastrointestinal carcinoma?

What two biochemical tests help distinguish Aeromonas spp. from other enterics?

What type of an atmosphere do campylobacters require for growth?

Which of the following is a curved, gram-negative rod that grows on thiosulfate citrate bile salts sucrose (TCBS) agar?

Aeromonads have been implicated in all of the following diseases, except

All of the following characteristics describe the genus Plesiomonas, except

What organism may play a role in Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS)?

What temperature is an optimal growth temperature for Campylobacter jejuni?

When collecting specimens that may contain Campylobacter spp. bacteria, what transport medium should they be placed in, if a delay in transport is possible?

Which of the following Vibrio species is most likely to be recovered from extraintestinal tract infections, e.g., septicemia and necrotizing fasciitis?

What does the term halophilic refer to?