question
Order the following from most to least resistant in the environment: Gram positive bacteria, Gram negative bacteria, and endospores.
answer
Endospores
Gram Negative
Gram Positive
Gram Negative is more resistant because of it's outer membrane
Gram Negative
Gram Positive
Gram Negative is more resistant because of it's outer membrane
question
Sterilization:
answer
Destruction of all forms of microbial life
(bacteria, fungi, viruses. . . )
(bacteria, fungi, viruses. . . )
question
Disinfection
answer
Disinfection is the term used for inanimate surfaces or substance
question
Antisepsis:
answer
antisepsis is used for living tissue
(skin or wound antisepsis)
(skin or wound antisepsis)
question
Sanitization
answer
Reducing the number of pathogens to make objects safe
question
What is the difference between a bactericidal and a bacteriostatic agent?
answer
Bactericidal agents: Kill the bacteria, may or may not kill the endospore.
Bacteriostatic agents: Inhibit bacterial growth for a period of time.
Bacteriostatic agents: Inhibit bacterial growth for a period of time.
question
Differentiate between physical and chemical modes of controlling microorganisms.
answer
...
question
What is the chamber that uses steam under pressure? What are its main uses?
answer
autoclave is a chamber where heat-resistant material is sterilized.
allows steam to circulate around objects such as surgical dressings, instruments, syringes
allows steam to circulate around objects such as surgical dressings, instruments, syringes
question
What is the function of pasteurization? Give examples for use.
answer
It kills microorganisms but not spores.
Pasteurization of milk eliminates pathogenic microbes and reduces microbial numbers
Pasteurization of milk eliminates pathogenic microbes and reduces microbial numbers
question
What is the function of cooling?
answer
does not kill bacteria but they stop or slow down their growth.
question
Are there organisms that can withstand very low temperatures?
answer
Psychrophiles are a group of organisms that grow at low temperatures
question
What is meant by desiccation?
answer
Drying by evaporation or other means removes moisture from vegetative bacteria
question
Can some organisms withstand dryness?
answer
Mycobacterium tuberculosis can survive in dried
sputum, Staph and Strep can survive in dry secretions,
Clostridium endospores can survive in soil for years.
sputum, Staph and Strep can survive in dry secretions,
Clostridium endospores can survive in soil for years.
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