question
What clinical manifestation do Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermis share?
answer
enterotoxins
question
Which of the filling has been historically classified as Gram - bacteria but its genetically more similar to low G + C Gram + bacteria?
answer
mycoplasmas
question
What is one virulence factor that differentiates Staphylococcus aureus from other species of staphylococci?
answer
It can produce coagulase
question
Over 90% of Staphylococcus aureus isolates are penicillin resistant. Why?
answer
production of B-lactamase
question
A women comes to the ED with fever and vomitting. She soon develops a red rash all over her body, and her BP begins to drop. What is a possible diagnosis?
answer
Toxic shock syndrome
question
Bacteria collected from a severely inflamed wound are sent to the lab for analysis. The result come back as follows: Gram + cocci in irregular clusters, kinase and coagulase positive, and able to grow in the presence of most antibiotics except vancomycin. The bacteria is most likely
answer
methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
question
Streptococci are frequently classified by
answer
Lancefield antigen designations
question
How do group A streptococci camouflage themselves from white blood cells?
answer
They have hyaluronic acid capsules
question
Which of the following diseases is considered an autoimmune disease triggered by bacterial infection?
answer
rheumatic fever
question
Which of the following statements about"flesh-eating" streptococci is false?
answer
It is considered a common complication of pyoderma
question
Streptococcus aglactiae is associated with which of the following diseases?
answer
neonatal bacteremia, neonatal meningitis, and neonatal pheumonia
question
Which of the following statement regarding streptococcus progenies is false?
answer
It produces protein A, which inhibits opsonization
question
Which differentiates virulent strains of Streptococcus pneumonia form nonvirulent strains?
answer
the presence of polysaccharide capsule that protects it from digestion after endocytosis
question
Untreated streptococcal pharyngitis may progress to
answer
Scarlet fever or rheumatic fever
question
The Quellung reaction is used to diagnose
answer
Streptococcus pneumonia
question
Ottis media may lead to dangerous meningitis in children due to infection with
answer
Streptococcus pneumonia
question
Which of the following Staphylococcal virulence factors produce the signs and symptoms of scalded skin syndrome?
answer
exfoliative toxin
question
Which of the following streptococci is associated with dental caries?
answer
Viridans streptococci
question
Anthrax, which means "charcoal" in greek, derives its name from
answer
the black eschars it produces on human skin
question
Which of the following statements about Bacillus anthraces is false?
answer
it is primarily a disease of humans
question
Which of the following bacteria produces one of the most deadly bacterial toxins known?
answer
Clostridium botulinum
question
Which of the following bacteria can cause life-threatening pseudomembranous colitis?
answer
Clostridium difficile
question
How does the toxin from Clostridium retain produce it's action?
answer
The smaller polypeptide of tis toxin can block the release of inhibitory neurotransmitters by inhibitory neurons in the CNS, causing simultaneous contraction of both muscles in an antagonistic pair.
question
Which of the following statements concerning tetanus is false?
answer
The only source is from deep puncture wounds from rusty nails
question
Listeria virulence is directly related to its ability to
answer
Live within cells and thus avoid exposure to the immune system of its host
question
Which of the following bacteria divide by "snapping division" in which daughter cells remain attached in characteristic V-shapes?
answer
Corynebacterium
question
The pathogenicity of primary tuberculosis is due to the fact that mycobacteria
answer
prevent fusion of lysosomes with phagosomes
question
A sample of fluid from the lungs contains microbes that grow in filaments or clumps. The cells stain poorly in the gram stain and are pink when acid fast stained. The bacteria in the sample is
answer
Mycobacterium species
question
What is the most common disease caused by Propionibacterium
answer
Acne
question
Mycetoma, which is painless long lasting infection characterized by swelling, pus production and draining sores is caused by
answer
Nocardia
question
The skin lesions characteristics of cutaneous infections with Bacillus anthraces are
answer
eschares
question
The soil bacterium Nocardia asteroids can establish opportunistic infections of the
answer
skin, lungs, and CNS
question
Enterococcus faecalis bacteria can be distinguishes from other gram positive cocci because enterococci
answer
can grow in the presence of bile salts
question
Streptococcus pneumonias is a leading cause of
answer
ottis media
question
Mycoplasma pneumonias causes respiratory disease by
answer
attaching, inhibiting, and ultimately killing the ciliated epithelial cells of the trachea
question
Which is a key diagnostic indicatory of infection with Mycobacterium leprae?
answer
loss of the sense touch
question
Which of the following bacteria can cause pharyngitis?
answer
Streptococcus pyogenes
question
A summer cold that lasts for weeks and is characterized by sore throat, mild fever, dry cough, and malaise may be
answer
walking pneymonia
question
Successful treatment of diphtheria requires the administration of
answer
antitoxin
question
Common sources of Listeria are undercooked meats and vegetables and unpasteurized
answer
milk
question
The neurotoxins of clostridium cotullinum produce __________ paralysis by preventing muscle contraction
answer
flaccid
question
Bacterial food poisoning resulting from clostridium ______ contamination is characterized by watery diarrhea accompanies by intestinal cramping but no fever, and it resolves in about a day.
answer
Perfringens
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