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When studying how some event or policy affects a market, elasticity provides information on the
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direction and magnitude of the effect
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The price elasticity of demand measures how much
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quantity demanded responds to a change in price
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Demand is said to be inelastic if
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the quantity demanded changes only slightly when the price of the good changes
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Suppose that gasoline prices increase dramatically this month. Lola commutes 100 miles to work each weekday. Over the next few months, Lola drives less on the weekends to try to save money. Within the year, she sells her home and purchases one only 10 miles from her place of employment. These examples illustrate the importance of
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the time horizon in determining the price elasticity of a demand
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Midpoint method
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dQ/dP
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Suppose the price of a bag of frozen chicken nuggets decreases from $6.50 to $5.75 and, as a result, quantity of bags demanded increases from 600 to 800. Using the midpoint method, the price elasticity of demand for frozen chicken nuggets in the given price range is
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2.33
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If the price elasticity of demand for a good is 4, then a 12 percent decrease in price results in a
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48 percent increase in the quantity demanded
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Elasticity of demand is closely related to the slope of the demand curve. The more responsive buyers are to a change in price, the
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flatter the demand curve will be
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If the price elasticity of demand for apples is 0.8, then a 2.4% increase in the price of apples will decrease the quantity demanded of apples by
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1.92%, and apples sellers' total revenue will increase as a result
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Graph of Price vs. Quantity (Demand)
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Slope going down, 25/100 20/200 15/300 10/400
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Refer to Figure 1. When the price is $15, total revenue is
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$4500
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Refer to Figure 1. When the price falls from $25 to $20, demand is
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elastic, since total revenue increases from $2500 to $4000
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Refer to Figure 1. An increase in price from $10 to $15 would
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increase total revenue by $500
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Refer to Figure 1. An increase in price from $15 to $20 would
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decrease total revenue by $500
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A key determinant of the price elasticity of supply is the
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time horizon
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If the price elasticity of supply is 1.2, and price increased by 55%, quantity supplied would
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increase by 6%
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Suppose the price elasticity of supply for cheese is 0.6 in the short run and 1.4 in the long run. If an increase in the demand for cheese causes the price of cheese to increase by 15%, then the quantity of supplies of cheese will increase by
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9% in the short run and 21% in the long run
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At price of $1.20, a local pencil manufacturer is willing to supply 150 boxes per day. At a price of $1.40, the manufacturer is willing to supply 170 boxes per day. Using the midpoint method, the price of elasticity of supply is about
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0.81
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Scenario 1. Milk has an inelastic demand, and beef has an elastic demand. Suppose that a mysterious increase in bovine infertility decreases both the population of dairy cows and the population of beef cattle by 50 percent
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...
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Refer to Scenario 1. The equilibrium price will
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increase in both the milk and the beef markets
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Refer to Scenario 1. The equilibrium quantity will
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decrease in both the milk and the beef markets
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Refer to Scenario 1. The change in equilibrium price will be
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greater in the milk market than in the beef market
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Refer to Scenario 1. The change in equilibrium quantity will be
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greater in the beef market than in the milk market
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Refer to Scenario 1. Total consumer spending on milk will
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increase, and total consumer spending on beef will increase
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Consumer surplus is equal to the
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Value to buyers-amount paid by buyers
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Table 1. Buyer and Willingness to Pay
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Calvin-$150
Sam-$135
Andrew-$120
Lori-$100
Sam-$135
Andrew-$120
Lori-$100
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Refer to Table 1. If the price of the produce is $110, then who will be willing to purchase the product?
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Calvin, Sam and Andrew
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Refer to Table 1. If the price of the product is $130, then who would be willing to purchase the product?
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Calvin and Sam
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Refer to Table 1. If the price of the product is $90, then who would be willing to purchase the product?
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Calvin, Sam, Andrew and Lori
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Refer to Table 1. If the price of the product is $122, then the total consumer surplus is
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$41
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Refer to Table 1. If the price of the product is $135, then the total consumer surplus is
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$15
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Refer to Table 1. If the market price is $105
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Sam's consumer surplus is $30 and total consumer surplus is $90
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Figure 7-4 Price vs. Quantity (Demand)
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P1//Q1 intersects at point B, P2/Q2 intersects at Point A, they both intersect at point C, F is the top of the slope, slope is decreasing in a straight line
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Refer to Figure 7-4. Which area represents consumer surplus at a price of P1
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BDF
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Refer to Figure 7-4. Which area represents consumer surplus at a price of P2
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AFG
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Refer to Figure 7-4. Which area represents the increase in consumer surplus when the price falls from P1 to P2
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ABDG
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Refer to Figure 7-4. When the price falls from P1 to P2, which area represents the increase in consumer surplus to existing buyers
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BCGD
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Refer to Figure 7-4. When the price falls from P1 to P2, which area represents the increase in consumer surplus to new buyers entering th emarket
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ABC
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Bill created a new software program he is willing to sell for $200. He sells his first copy and enjoys a producer surplus of $150. What is the price paid for the software
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$350
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Table 2. Seller and Cost
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Quentin-10
Ruby-30
Sandra-60
Thomas-100
Ursula-150
Ruby-30
Sandra-60
Thomas-100
Ursula-150
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Rent control laws dictate
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a maximum rent that landlords may charge tenants
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Minimum wage laws dictate
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a minimum wage that firms may pay workers
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Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the imposition of a price ceiling on the market for milk
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buyers of milk, recognizing that the price ceiling is good for them, have pressured policymakers into imposing the price ceiling
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If the price floor is not binding, then
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the equilibrium price is above the price floor
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If the government removes a binding price floor from a market, then the price paid by buyers will
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decrease the the quantity sold in the market will increase
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Figure 3
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...