question
Bacteria that have a spherical or ovoid shape are called _____.
a. bacilli
b. coccobacilli
c. fusiform bacilli
d. spirilla
e. cocci
a. bacilli
b. coccobacilli
c. fusiform bacilli
d. spirilla
e. cocci
answer
e. cocci
question
An outbreak of food poisoning occurs at a family picnic after the growth of Staphylococcus aureus in unrefrigerated potato salad left sitting in the hot sun for several hours. Microscopic examination of the potato salad reveals _____
a. long chains of cocci
b. diplococci
c. tetrads
d. clusters of cocci
e. spirilla
a. long chains of cocci
b. diplococci
c. tetrads
d. clusters of cocci
e. spirilla
answer
d. clusters of cocci
question
The best stain for a sputum sample from a patient with tuberculosis is the _____ stain.
a. gram
b. flagella
c. acid-fast
d. endopore
e. negative
a. gram
b. flagella
c. acid-fast
d. endopore
e. negative
answer
c. acid-fast
question
Organisms that can cause disease when a host's resistance to infection is decreased, but not in healthy hosts are referred to as _____.
a. auto-inducers
b. opportunists
c. primary pathogens
d. mutualistic pathogens
e. quorum sensors
a. auto-inducers
b. opportunists
c. primary pathogens
d. mutualistic pathogens
e. quorum sensors
answer
b. opportunists
question
Virulence genes are carried on:
a. the chromosome
b. the ribosomes
c. the endoplasmic reticulum
d. plasmids
e. both a. and d.
a. the chromosome
b. the ribosomes
c. the endoplasmic reticulum
d. plasmids
e. both a. and d.
answer
e. both a. and d.
question
Surface proteins called adhesions are used for this requirement for successful infection:
a. enter the host
b. remain in a location/establishment
c. avoid or evade the host defenses
d. damage the host
e. exit the host
a. enter the host
b. remain in a location/establishment
c. avoid or evade the host defenses
d. damage the host
e. exit the host
answer
b. remain in a location/establishment
question
The fecal-oral route of contamination refers to the situation where infectious pathogens exit from the host through the ___ and enter another host through the ___.
a. anus; skin
b. respiratory tract; gastrointestinal tract
c. genitourinary tract; gastrointestinal tract
d. anus; mouth
e. gastrointestinal tract; genitourinary tract
a. anus; skin
b. respiratory tract; gastrointestinal tract
c. genitourinary tract; gastrointestinal tract
d. anus; mouth
e. gastrointestinal tract; genitourinary tract
answer
d. anus; mouth
question
_____ made by bacteria destroys white blood cells in the host.
a. coagulase
b. hyaluronidase
c. leukocidin
d. collagenase
e. hemolysin
a. coagulase
b. hyaluronidase
c. leukocidin
d. collagenase
e. hemolysin
answer
c. leukocidin
question
Which of the following toxins inhibits acetylcholine release at neuromuscular junctions?
a. anthrax
b. diphtheria
c. botulism
d. tetanus
e. endotoxin
a. anthrax
b. diphtheria
c. botulism
d. tetanus
e. endotoxin
answer
c. botulism
question
The reason for converting toxins to toxoids for vaccine use is _____.
a. to reduce their antigenicity
b. to increase their toxicity
c. to stimulate better immune responses
d. to retain their antigenicity but destroy their toxicity
e. to retain their toxicity but destroy their antigenicity
a. to reduce their antigenicity
b. to increase their toxicity
c. to stimulate better immune responses
d. to retain their antigenicity but destroy their toxicity
e. to retain their toxicity but destroy their antigenicity
answer
d. to retain their antigenicity but destroy their toxicity
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