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absolute immunity
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doctrine under which selected classes of officials, including judges, prosecutors, and legislators, are completely insulated from lawsuits stemming from their official actions
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abuse of discretion
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failure to exercise reasonably sound judgment in decision making
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abuse of discretion standard
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the standard of judicial review in which the decision of an agency or lower court is upheld unless it is unreasonable or "shocks the conscience" of the reviewing court
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accountability
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the state of being answerable to another authority
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adjudication
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the process by which courts or agencies decide cases involving rights of parties
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adjudicatory procedures
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processes by which administrative or judicial bodies decide cases involving the rights of parties
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administrative adjudication
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hearing and resolution of legal issues by administrative agencies rather than courts of law
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administrative agencies
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offices of federal, state, and local governments exercising authority over designated services or functions
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administrative deregulation
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reversal of regulatory policies adopted by executive agencies through the rulemaking process
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administrative detention
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incarceration of a person by an administrative agency, e.g., the detention of illegal aliens by immigration authorities
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administrative efficiency
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the condition under which an agency achieves its goals with a minimum of resources
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administrative fines
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monetary penalties imposed by administrative agencies for violations of regulations
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administrative inspections
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