question
outbreak
answer
-an expected occurrence
-of an infectious disease
-in a limited geographic area
-during a limited time
-of an infectious disease
-in a limited geographic area
-during a limited time
question
positive effects of globalization.. spread of
answer
-ideas
-technology
-medication
-supplies
-treatment
-technology
-medication
-supplies
-treatment
question
measles in 2019 due to travel in areas of unvaccinated people. it had been eliminated in 2000
answer
outbreak
question
define eliminated
answer
absence of sustained transmission that is continuous for >= 12 months in a defined geographic area
question
epidemic
answer
-rapid, unexpected increase of a disease in a geographic area
question
pandemic
answer
occurrence of disease over a large geographic area or worldwide
-growth is exponential
-growth is exponential
question
endemic
answer
occurring at a consistent, expected level within a geographic area
-society tolerates seasonal deaths without lockdowns, masks, social distancing
-society tolerates seasonal deaths without lockdowns, masks, social distancing
question
negative effects of globalization
answer
-overcrowding
-"brain drain"
-spread of infectious disease
-spread of obesity
-"brain drain"
-spread of infectious disease
-spread of obesity
question
define brain drain
answer
educated individuals moving away from their own countries to higher income countries for better opportunities
question
malaria is an
answer
endemic
question
study of the distribution and determinants of disease, injury, and health
answer
epidemiology
question
complete physical, mental, social well-being and the absence of disease
answer
health
question
the means to achieve better health (hospitals, insurance, policies, etc.)
answer
healthcare
question
number of EXISTING cases (of a disease or health condition)
answer
prevalence
question
how is prevalence expressed
answer
number of existing cases at a certain time interval/ number in total population
-multiple by 1000 or whatever constant (K) is being used to obtain a rate
-multiple by 1000 or whatever constant (K) is being used to obtain a rate
question
number of NEW cases (of a disease or health condition)
answer
incidence
question
how is incidence expressed
answer
number of new cases at a certain time interval/ population at risk (or number of population)
-multiply by 1,000 or whatever constant K is being used to obtain rate
-multiply by 1,000 or whatever constant K is being used to obtain rate
question
sensitivity
answer
ability to identify people with the disease
-identifying true positives
"97% sensitivity rate" means that 97% of the time that the test says something is positive, the person has that disease
-identifying true positives
"97% sensitivity rate" means that 97% of the time that the test says something is positive, the person has that disease
question
specificity
answer
ability to identify people without the disease
-identifies the true negative
"97% specificity rate" means that 97% of the time that a test says someone doesn't have a disease, they truly do not have the disease
-identifies the true negative
"97% specificity rate" means that 97% of the time that a test says someone doesn't have a disease, they truly do not have the disease
question
what is used to reflect health status of a country in general, and to compare the health of multiple countries?
answer
infant mortality rate
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