What is the Global Burden Disease Study? What are the 3 trends it assesses?
A 20-year study measuring relative amounts of health loss from diseases, injury, and risk factors.
Assessment of trends over time, place, and personal attributes
•Understand contributors to losses in human health and how contributions vary by person, place, and time
•Establish priorities for initiatives to promote health
•Measure progress in addressing leading global health problems
•Identify gaps in information on human health to improve quality and quantity of available data
New standard for descriptive epidemiology
1. Ischemic heart disease
2. Stroke
3. Chronic obstructive lung disease
4. Lower Respiratory infections
Australasia
Central sub-Saharan Africa
Who has a longer healthy life expectancy?
Women
Not just living longer, but healthier
Females > Males
Years of life lost from:
1. Premature death
2. Living with a disability
•Measures the absolute loss of health due to death or nonfatal illness
•Influenced by size and demographics of the population
•Can be grouped by causes
•Communicable vs. Non-communicable
Directed on data from specific populations and exposures
Must have data to associate risk and disease, and causal relationships
Determining relationships between risk factors and outcomes must be established In some cases, this was not achievable
Social gradient
Stress
Early life
Social exclusion
Work
Unemployment
Social support
Addiction
Food
Transportation
Health is influenced by multiple factors
•Socioeconomic status
•Transportation
•Housing
•Access to services
•Discrimination by social grouping
•Social or environmental stressors
1. Improving daily living conditions
2. Reducing the inequitable distribution of power, money, and resources
3. Measuring and understanding social determinates of health to better plan interventions
•Multi-national
•Cultural
•Political
•Environmental
Divided by racial and ethnic differences
Assumed to be biological, genetics between races
It is the phenotypic expression of a racial group used in social construct related allocation of resources to:
Education
Housing
Employment
The sharing of a common culture, language, religion, and cultural traditions
Quality of Care
Health Decision Making
Legacy of Trust
1. Improving Patient-Provider Communication
2. Using Evidence-Based Algorithms
3. Diversity Training for Health Care Professionals
4. Inclusion of Diverse Populations in Health Care Workforce
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