Shifted emphasis from a medical to behavioural approach to health.
Broadly defined health determinants as lifestyle, environment, human biology, and the organization of care.
Decrease behavioural risk factors such as smoking, substance abuse, lack of exercise, and an unhealthy diet.
4 elements that determine health:
Lifestyle, environment, human biology, healthcare organization
four broad concepts core to nursing: person, environment, health, and nursing
refers to the quality and wellness of the patient. It also includes the access the patient has to health care.
Socio-Environmental approach to health. Identified prerequisites for health.
Places responsibility for health on society rather than only individuals.
Outlined five strategies to promote health.
Peace, shelter, education, food, income, ecosystem, resources, social justice
Achieving Health for All
Socio-Environmental approach to health.
Acknowledged disparities in health.
Three major health challenges: Reducing existing inequities, increasing prevention (ie screening programs), and enhancing coping mechanisms.
Toronto Charter
Social and health policies resulted in increased social and economic inequalities and health disparities.
Social determinants are important for health.
Recognizes a societal responsibility for reducing health disparities.
Indigenous status, food security, gender, healthcare services, employment security etc…all social determinants.
Epidemiological data to determine etiology of health and disease.
Identifies key determinants of health
Doing research on populations and identifying what's going on with each population (and what's wrong/ what to fix)
Gender, culture and social environment
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