W13, Diagnostic Microbio

The idea is: to grow, isolate, identify most pathogenic bacteria within ___-___ hs of sampling

: most widely used, forms the basis for the phenotypic classification of bacteria. Yeast can also be stained with this method (Gram +).

e.g. Ziehl-Neelsen used to stain mycobacteria and other acid-fast microorganisms, the background is counter-stained with Methylene blue. The stain is carbol fuchsin.

Acid-fast stains: e.g. Ziehl-Neelsen used to stain mycobacteria and other acid-fast microorganisms, the background is counter-stained with _____ ____. The stain is carbol fuchsin.

Acid-fast stains: e.g. Ziehl-Neelsen used to stain mycobacteria and other acid-fast microorganisms, the background is counter-stained with Methylene blue. The stain is ___ ___

is a differential stain used to visualize bacterial endospores (e.g. Malachite Green staining).

Endospore stain: is a differential stain used to visualize bacterial endospores (e.g. ___ ____ staining).

The ____ is used to inoculate the surface of an agar plate or a tube of liquid culture medium.

these for the organism must be maintained during sampling, storage, and transport under Aerobic and Anoxic conditions to ensure the survival of potential anaerobic pathogens.

___ ___ growth media

Support the growth of most aerobic and facultative aerobic organisms (e.g., Blood agar and Chocolate agar). Organisms isolated from such media are often subculture on more specialized media,

____ growth media

• Contain specific growth factors that enhance growth of certain fastidious pathogens such as N. gonorrhoeae (e.g Thayer- Martin agar)

general purpose growth media

Support the growth of most aerobic and facultative aerobic organisms (e.g., ___ agar and ____ agar). Organisms isolated from such media are often subculture on more specialized media,

enriched growth media

• Contain specific growth factors that enhance growth of certain fastidious pathogens such as N. ____ (e.g Thayer- Martin agar)

___ growth media

Allow for some organisms to grow while inhibiting the growth of others due to the presence of inhibitory agents (e.g. Oxford Agar media for Listeria monocytogenes) or High Salt concentration media e.g. for Staphylococcus and/or Micrococcus)

selective growth media

Allow for some organisms to grow while inhibiting the growth of others due to the presence of inhibitory agents (e.g. ____ Agar media for Listeria monocytogenes) or High Salt concentration media e.g. for Staphylococcus and/or Micrococcus)

___ growth media

Are specialized media that allow identification of organisms based on their growth, color, and appearance on the medium (e.g. Eosin-Methylene blue for coliforms)

differential growth media

Are specialized media that allow identification of organisms based on their growth, color, and appearance on the medium (e.g. ___ ___ ___ for coliforms)

It is used for the selective isolation of N. gonorrhoeae and Neisseria meningitidis. is a chocolate agar supplemented with Vancomycin, Nystatin, Colistin to inhibit the normal flora, including nonpathogenic Neisseria.

The Modified Thayer-Martin agar includes _____ to inhibit Proteus sp.

Chocolate Agar with ____: CHOC with ___ is a selective medium used to improve the primary isolation of H. influenzae* from specimens containing a mixed flora of bacteria

and/or fungi.

Chocolate Agar with bacitracin: CHOC with bacitracin is a selective medium used to improve the primary isolation of _______* from specimens containing a mixed flora of bacteria

and/or fungi.

Chocolate agar with (___) and growth supplements: It is a medium that supports the special growth requirements (Hemin and NAD) needed for the isolation of fastidious organisms, such as H. influenzae, when incubated at 35-37 C in a 5% CO2 atmosphere.

Thayer-Martin agar: It is used for the selective isolation of N. gonorrhoeae and Neisseria _____

A,

(complete breakdown of RBC, clear zone) e.g. Streptococcus pyogenes

B. (partially break down of RBC, greenish) e.g.Streptococcus pneumoniae)

C, (lack of hemolysis, appears brownish) e.g. Enterococcus faecalis

____ is the selective and differential medium for coliforms.

EMB is the selective and differential medium for ____

In addition EMB is a differential medium because it distinguishes ____ _____ such as E. coli (green) from non-lactose fermenting Gram- organisms such as Pseudomonas, Salmonella, Shigella, Proteus vulgaris, etc.

In addition EMB is a differential medium because it distinguishes Lactose fermenters such as E. coli (stains ___) from non-lactose fermenting Gram- organisms such as Pseudomonas, Salmonella, Shigella, Proteus vulgaris, etc.

these are the only immediate way of isolating and identifying the causative agent of

septicemia

Blood culture procedure: draw around ___ ml of blood aseptically (careful disinfection of the patient’s skin is important) from a vein and inject it into two blood culture bottles (10ml each) containing an anticoagulant and a general-purpose culture medium.

Inoculate the _____ first and the Aerobic second.

Inoculate the Anaerobic first and the ____ second.

The most common urinary track pathogens are ____ bacteria, with E. coli accounting for about 90%

of the cases.

______ agar contains bile salts and the dye crystal violet, which inhibit the growth of Gram-positive bacteria and select for Gram- Negative bacteria.

üThus a Gram-negative stain of urethral, vaginal or cervical smear of ____ is diagnostic for gonorrhea.

üOne of several selective media used for primary isolation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae is ___ agar, this media incorporates the ATB: Vancomycin, Nystatin, Colistin and Trimethoprim to suppress the growth of normal flora.

Modified Thayer-Martin agar includes ____ to inhibit Proteus

imvic test is to identify ___ organisms: Citrobacter, Enterobacter, E. coli, Klebsiella p.

HIV is BSL-_ pathogen.