question
the two population health patterns wrt immigration
answer
HIE
deterioration of HIE (across time + generations)
deterioration of HIE (across time + generations)
question
what is HIE
answer
immigrants are typically healthier than native population
question
what measures has HIE been found
answer
adult mortality, mental health, chronic conditions, disability/functional limitations, risk behaviours
question
what are the two ways immigrant health erodes over time
answer
convergence
overshoot
overshoot
question
variation in HIE over lifetime
answer
children, maternal health, birth outcomes are mixed
elderly have worse health
elderly have worse health
question
why is there variation in HIE across life stages
answer
social selection
salmon bias
social support
-acculturation
-racialization
-structural factors
salmon bias
social support
-acculturation
-racialization
-structural factors
question
what is social selection
answer
positive selection of healthy immigrants
question
what are individual and state level actors in social selection
answer
individual age, SES, diet vs immigration guidelines
question
what is salmon bias
answer
less healthy/unsuccessful immigrants go home
question
what is a migration stream
answer
a community in new country that are all from the same city kinda vibe
question
what is social support
answer
communities of similar culture people - has advantages
question
what is acculturation
answer
adopting negative health behaviours/diet of native population
stress of adjusting
stress of adjusting
question
what is racialization
answer
being categorized as a certain ethnic group, adopting that racial stratification/hierarchy
question
what are some structural factors that lead to HIE erosion
answer
poverty, housing, health care, work conditions, anti-immigration political climate
question
what are some general trends in geography and health
answer
southeast USA and northern Canada are most unhealthy
rural areas are more unhealthy
rural areas are more unhealthy
question
a reason why rural areas are less healthy
answer
rural mortality penalty, where rates of CVD and diabetes lowered in cities faster than in rural areas
question
the ways place affects health
answer
reflects history of place
place affects social dets
risks/resources in built env
individual risks + behaviour
social climate
climate + natural disaster
place affects social dets
risks/resources in built env
individual risks + behaviour
social climate
climate + natural disaster
question
describe the stroke belt
answer
slavery in the south led to a lack of education, economic, political structure
led to current disparities in health
led to current disparities in health
question
how does redlining affect contemporary health
answer
poverty due to property depreciation due to redlining
affected education quality, access to health food, quality of buildings and water, etc
affected education quality, access to health food, quality of buildings and water, etc
question
what are some things that are downstream social determinants of place
answer
socioeconomic mobility (good schools, jobs)
health food, public services, health care
crime + policing
health food, public services, health care
crime + policing
question
what in the built environment affects health risks/resources
answer
exposure to toxins, quality of infrastructure, noise + light pollution, green space
question
definition of built environment
answer
built by humans, for human use
question
what individual risks/behaviours are affected by place
answer
smoking, exercise, diet, alcohol use
question
what is the social climate
answer
social networks, norms, trust for cooperation for mutual benefit
question
what is collective efficacy
answer
social cohesion among neighbours combined with their willingness to intervene on behalf of the common good
question
what things differ between peoples response to natural disasters
answer
ability to prepare + evacuate
ability to understand warnings
reconstruction
repair of social fabric
ability to understand warnings
reconstruction
repair of social fabric
question
how can natural disasters affect health
answer
stress
malnutrition, infectious disease, generators to CO poisoning
malnutrition, infectious disease, generators to CO poisoning
question
how does low SES affect response to natural disasters
answer
more financial loss and less prepared for evacuation
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