Trident Environmental Legal Framework in US NEPA and Environmental Justice Analysis

Module 1 - CaseENVIRONMENTAL LEGAL FRAMEWORK IN THE UNITED STATES, NEPA, AND ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE Case Assignment This Case Assignment explores the environmental legal framework in the United States and the birth of the National Environmental Policy Act. Utilizing the module readings and conducting your own literature research, answer the following questions. Justify your responses by presenting your rationale and illustrating with examples and facts as needed. Support your writing with the literature. 1. In the context of the U.S. regulatory framework, what is the difference between environmental laws, regulations, and standards? 2. What were the three most important factors leading to passage of the National Environmental Policy Act? 3. What compromises were reached to assure the NEPA legislation would pass? Length: Submit a 3- to 4-page paper, excluding the title page and the reference list. Resources: Carruth, R. S., & Goldstein, B. D. (2014). Chapter 1: Overview of U.S. legal system. In Environmental health law: An introduction (pp. 1–22). San Francisco, CA: JosseyBass, Wiley. Carruth, R. S., & Goldstein, B. D. (2014). Chapter 2: Transparency & accountability in the executive branch: Judicial review and the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). In Environmental health law: An introduction (pp. 23–40). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, Wiley. National Environmental Policy Act. (n.d.). Welcome. Retrieved from https://ceq.doe.gov/index.html Spina, F. (2015). Environmental justice and patterns of State inspections. Social Science Quarterly (WileyBlackwell), 96(2), 417-429. doi:10.1111/ssqu.12160 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (2017). How citizens can comment and participate in the National Environmental Policy Act process. Retrieved from https://www.epa.gov/nepa/how-citizens-can-comment-andparticipate-national-environmental-policy-act-process U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (2018). EPA history. Retrieved from https://www.epa.gov/history/origins-epa U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (2019). Environmental justice considerations in the NEPA process. Retrieved from https://www.epa.gov/environmentaljustice/environmentaljustice-and-national-environmental-policy-act Optional Reading and Resources Council on Environmental Quality Executive Office of the President. (2007). A citizen’s guide to the NEPA. Retrieved from https://ceq.doe.gov/docs/getinvolved/Citizens_Guide_Dec07.pdf National Environmental Policy Act. (n.d.) Agency NEPA implementing procedures. Retrieved from https://ceq.doe.gov/lawsregulations/agency_implementing_procedures.html National Environmental Policy Act. (n.d.) Categorical exclusions. Retrieved from https://ceq.doe.gov/nepapractice/categorical-exclusions.html National Environmental Policy Act. (n.d.). Executive orders. Accessed at https://ceq.doe.gov/lawsregulations/executive_orders.html U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (2019). Environmental impact statement (EIS) database. Accessed at https://cdxnodengn.epa.gov/cdx-enepaII/public/action/eis/search Module 1 - SLP ENVIRONMENTAL LEGAL FRAMEWORK IN THE UNITED STATES, NEPA, AND ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE In the SLP for this course, you will conduct a critical review of the standard-setting process for one of the substances known to affect environmental or occupational health. For the Module 1 SLP, select one of the substances listed below and answer the following questions. Support your answers with scholarly literature. Explore the resources listed in the background page to find information for your chosen substance. 1. Explain the source of this substance in occupational or environmental settings. 2. Explain the significance of this substance from an environmental or occupational health perspective and why it needed to be regulated. 3. Describe historical events that involved environmental or occupational exposures to this substance, prior to regulation. List of air quality standards: Carbon monoxide Lead Nitrogen dioxide (primary standard) Ozone Particulate matter Sulfur dioxide (primary standard) List of drinking water standards: Arsenic Lead and Copper Radionuclides List of occupational standards: Benzene 1,3-Butadiene Cotton Dust Ethylene Oxide Formaldehyde Lead Methylene chloride Length: Submit a 3- to 4-page paper, excluding the cover page and reference list. Carruth, R. S., & Goldstein, B. D. (2014). Chapter 1: Overview of U.S. legal system. In Environmental health law: An introduction (pp. 1–22). San Francisco, CA: JosseyBass, Wiley. Carruth, R. S., & Goldstein, B. D. (2014). Chapter 2: Transparency & accountability in the executive branch: Judicial review and the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). In Environmental health law: An introduction (pp. 23–40). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, Wiley. National Environmental Policy Act. (n.d.). Welcome. Retrieved from https://ceq.doe.gov/index.html Spina, F. (2015). Environmental justice and patterns of State inspections. Social Science Quarterly (WileyBlackwell), 96(2), 417-429. doi:10.1111/ssqu.12160 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (2017). How citizens can comment and participate in the National Environmental Policy Act process. Retrieved from https://www.epa.gov/nepa/how-citizens-can-comment-andparticipate-national-environmental-policy-act-process U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (2018). EPA history. Retrieved from https://www.epa.gov/history/origins-epa U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (2019). Environmental justice considerations in the NEPA process. Retrieved from https://www.epa.gov/environmentaljustice/environmentaljustice-and-national-environmental-policy-act Optional Reading and Resources Council on Environmental Quality Executive Office of the President. (2007). A citizen’s guide to the NEPA. Retrieved from https://ceq.doe.gov/docs/getinvolved/Citizens_Guide_Dec07.pdf National Environmental Policy Act. (n.d.) Agency NEPA implementing procedures. Retrieved from https://ceq.doe.gov/lawsregulations/agency_implementing_procedures.html National Environmental Policy Act. (n.d.) Categorical exclusions. Retrieved from https://ceq.doe.gov/nepapractice/categorical-exclusions.html National Environmental Policy Act. (n.d.). Executive orders. Accessed at https://ceq.doe.gov/lawsregulations/executive_orders.html U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (2019). Environmental impact statement (EIS) database. Accessed at https://cdxnodengn.epa.gov/cdx-enepaII/public/action/eis/search