Financial Section (Ass. 5 – week 6)
Funds required and their sources for startup
Income statement template
Balance sheet
Cash flow statement
Year 1 profit and loss statement
Years 1-3 profit/loss statement (summary)
Breakeven template
Spreadsheets required – save these as PDFs and insert them into your paper. Each chart needs an introductory para and explanations. These templates can be found in the Course Info tab and/or go to Score.org (search business plan templates).
If you find that your business is not financially viable, it’s okay to go back and change your initial assumptions (reduce costs, headcount, increase sales assumptions, etc.) Be sure to make all the changes throughout the paper so that the “threads” are consistent.
Every spreadsheet needs discussion – key takeaways. Every item needs assumptions based on research cited.
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Twelve-month cash flow
| Cash Flow (12 months) | Enter Company Name Here | Fiscal Year Begins: | Jan- | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pre-Startup EST | Feb-08 | Mar-08 | Apr-08 | May-08 | Jun-08 | Jul-08 | Aug-08 | Sep-08 | Oct-08 | Nov-08 | Dec-08 | Total Item EST | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash on Hand (beginning of month) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CASH RECEIPTS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash Sales | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Collections fm CR accounts | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loan/ other cash inj. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| TOTAL CASH RECEIPTS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Cash Available (before cash out) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CASH PAID OUT | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchases (merchandise) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchases (specify) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross wages (exact withdrawal) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Payroll expenses (taxes, etc.) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Outside services | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supplies (office & oper.) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repairs & maintenance | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Advertising | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Car, delivery & travel | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accounting & legal | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rent | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Telephone | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Utilities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Insurance | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxes (real estate, etc.) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other expenses (specify) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other (specify) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Miscellaneous | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SUBTOTAL | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loan principal payment | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Capital purchase (specify) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other startup costs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reserve and/or Escrow | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Owners’ Withdrawal | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| TOTAL CASH PAID OUT | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash Position (end of month) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ESSENTIAL OPERATING DATA (non cash flow information) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sales Volume (dollars) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accounts Receivable | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bad Debt (end of month) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Inventory on hand (eom) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accounts Payable (eom) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation |
Totals are calculated automatically.
Notes on Preparation
You may want to print this information to use as reference later. To delete these instructions, click the border of this text box and then press the DELETE key.
Refer back to your Profit & Loss Projection. Line-by-line ask yourself when you should expect cash to come and go. You have already done a sales projection, now you must predict when you will actually collect from customers. On the expense side, you have previously projected expenses; now predict when you will actually have to write the check to pay those bills. Most items will be the same as on the Profit & Loss Projection. Rent and utility bills, for instance, are usually paid in the month they are incurred. Other items will differ from the Profit & Loss view. Insurance and some types of taxes, for example, may actually be payable quarterly or semiannually, even though you recognize them as monthly expenses. Just try to make the Cash Flow as realistic as you can line by line. The payoff for you will be an ability to manage and forecast working capital needs. Change the category labels in the left column as needed to fit your accounting system.
Note that lines for ‘Loan principal payment’ through ‘Owners’ Withdrawal’ are for items that always are different on the Cash Flow than on the Profit & Loss. Loan Principal Payment, Capital Purchases, and Owner’s Draw simply do not, by the rules of accounting, show up on the Profit & Loss Projection. They do, however, definitely take cash out of the business, and so need to be included in your Cash plan. On the other hand, you will not find Depreciation on the Cash Flow because you never write a check for Depreciation. Cash from Loans Received and Owners’ Injections go in the “Loan/ other cash inj.” row. The “Pre-Startup” column is for cash outlays prior to the time covered by the Cash Flow. It is intended primarily for new business startups or major expansion projects where a great deal of cash must go out before operations commence. The bottom section, “ESSENTIAL OPERATING DATA”, is not actually part of the Cash model, but it allows you to track items which have a heavy impact on cash. The Cash Flow Projection is the best way to forecast working capital needs. Begin with the amount of Cash on Hand you expect to have. Project all the Receipts and Paid Outs for the year. If CASH POSITION gets dangerously low or negative, you will need to pump in more cash to keep the operation afloat. Many profitable businesses have gone under because they could not pay the bills while waiting for money to flow in. Your creditors do not care about profit; they want to be paid with cash. Cash is the financial lifeblood of your business.
Instructions
Notes on Preparation
Note: You may want to print this information to use as reference later. To delete these instructions, click the border of this text box and then press the DELETE key.
Refer back to your Profit & Loss Projection. Line-by-line ask yourself when you should expect cash to come and go. You have already done a sales projection, now you must predict when you will actually collect from customers. On the expense side, you have previously projected expenses; now predict when you will actually have to write the check to pay those bills. Most items will be the same as on the Profit & Loss Projection. Rent and utility bills, for instance, are usually paid in the month they are incurred. Other items will differ from the Profit & Loss view. Insurance and some types of taxes, for example, may actually be payable quarterly or semiannually, even though you recognize them as monthly expenses. Just try to make the Cash Flow as realistic as you can line by line. The payoff for you will be an ability to manage and forecast working capital needs. Change the category labels in the left column as needed to fit your accounting system.
Note that lines for ‘Loan principal payment’ through ‘Owners’ Withdrawal’ are for items that always are different on the Cash Flow than on the Profit & Loss. Loan Principal Payment, Capital Purchases, and Owner’s Draw simply do not, by the rules of accounting, show up on the Profit & Loss Projection. They do, however, definitely take cash out of the business, and so need to be included in your Cash plan. On the other hand, you will not find Depreciation on the Cash Flow because you never write a check for Depreciation. Cash from Loans Received and Owners’ Injections go in the “Loan/ other cash inj.” row. The “Pre-Startup” column is for cash outlays prior to the time covered by the Cash Flow. It is intended primarily for new business startups or major expansion projects where a great deal of cash must go out before operations commence. The bottom section, “ESSENTIAL OPERATING DATA”, is not actually part of the Cash model, but it allows you to track items which have a heavy impact on cash. The Cash Flow Projection is the best way to forecast working capital needs. Begin with the amount of Cash on Hand you expect to have. Project all the Receipts and Paid Outs for the year. If CASH POSITION gets dangerously low or negative, you will need to pump in more cash to keep the operation afloat. Many profitable businesses have gone under because they could not pay the bills while waiting for money to flow in. Your creditors do not care about profit; they want to be paid with cash. Cash is the financial lifeblood of your business.
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