Elizabeth Gonzalez
1/25/23, 6:30 PM
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Ethical Decision-Making in Psychiatry
While digital psychiatry has many opportunities, it also has some significant risks, and some of them touch on patient autonomy. For instance, the use of digital psychiatry has the potential to reduce patient autonomy (Burr et al., 2020). When digital psychiatry is used, patient data is collected passively, which may compromise the ability of the patients to fully engage in the decision-making processes that relate to the care they are receiving (Burr et al., 2020). When data is collected passively from patients, it can also lead to a level of monitoring and surveillance that leads to non-transparent forms of asymmetry in how information is gathered and used to make decisions regarding the patient’s treatment without their participation (Burr et al., 2020).
The passive collection of a patient’s data when using digital psychiatry raises several ethical concerns, chief among them the ability of the patient to fully participate in the decisions regarding their care. The health care professional may use data collected passively to inform the options they present to the patient. With the patient’s input in the passive data collection, they can fully participate in the decision-making process, which compromises patient autonomy.
One of the risks of using artificial intelligence in making diagnoses is that it can overlook the severity of the patient’s condition, which may influence the interventions selected for the patient (Graham et al., 2019). When using artificial intelligence during diagnoses, patient confidentiality may be inadvertently violated as artificial intelligence relies on data collection from many patients to make predictions.
The rational argument for providing online psychotherapy is that it can reach many patients, increasing access to mental healthcare (Stoll et al., 2020). Some ethical concerns against online psychotherapy are security, confidentiality, and privacy issues (Stoll et al., 2020). In addition to this, there is insufficient research that proves the efficacy of online psychotherapy (Stoll et al., 2020).
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DALIA SALGADO
1/25/23, 6:29 PM
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Ethical Decision making in Psychiatry
Autonomy is essential in bioethics and moral and political philosophy. It has different uses, but it is essential while reflecting respect for a person’s capacity to decide and the freedom to decide. Digital psychiatry leads to issues about autonomy that need to be evident in formal healthcare. It mainly involves the right to intervene in contingent info. For example, the utilization of digital psychiatry to assess the mental wellness of workers to enhance management performs is regarded as an unwarranted form of observation. It does not respect a person’s right to mental uprightness and self-governance.
Passive gathering of data influences one’s capability to engage in the decision-making processes. It involves looking at the passive data surveillance and monitoring forms that can lead to non-transparent forms of informational asymmetry. In this case, the user needs help understanding the behavioural indicators utilized as input features for the assessment diagnosis. It limits information availability, undermines users’ trust in the system and the reliance prevents making effective decisions (Burr et al., 2020). The impacts make it difficult to challenge the decision through appeals to relevant features outside the system ontology.
AI is essential for making diagnoses, although it has inherent risks and violations of patient rights. AI can significantly redefine diagnosis and understanding of various conditions, although it offers a narrow understanding of the psychosocial, biological and social systems (Graham et al., 2019). AI risks implementing personalized mental care hence the need for a computational approach that suites big data. Some rights that can be infringed include autonomy, beneficence and justice due to the lack of standards to guide the utilization of AI and other technologies in healthcare settings.
Online psychotherapy is due to increased access, availability and flexibility in care delivery, mainly among people in rural and remote areas. The services can be accessed anywhere and at any time. The approach is also efficient, effective and efficacious due to its benefits and communication enhancement. It offers an economic advantage as it is cost-efficient (Stoll, Müller & Trachsel, 2020). However, there are some ethical issues against the use of online psychotherapy. They mainly touch on privacy, confidentiality and security issues due to unsecured websites or unencrypted communication tools. There are also communication issues due to the non-existence of verbal cues in therapeutic interactions.
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DALIA SALGADO
1/25/23, 6:29 PM
NEW
Top of Form
Ethical Decision making in Psychiatry
Autonomy is essential in bioethics and moral and political philosophy. It has different uses, but it is essential while reflecting respect for a person’s capacity to decide and the freedom to decide. Digital psychiatry leads to issues about autonomy that need to be evident in formal healthcare. It mainly involves the right to intervene in contingent info. For example, the utilization of digital psychiatry to assess the mental wellness of workers to enhance management performs is regarded as an unwarranted form of observation. It does not respect a person’s right to mental uprightness and self-governance.
Passive gathering of data influences one’s capability to engage in the decision-making processes. It involves looking at the passive data surveillance and monitoring forms that can lead to non-transparent forms of informational asymmetry. In this case, the user needs help understanding the behavioural indicators utilized as input features for the assessment diagnosis. It limits information availability, undermines users’ trust in the system and the reliance prevents making effective decisions (Burr et al., 2020). The impacts make it difficult to challenge the decision through appeals to relevant features outside the system ontology.
AI is essential for making diagnoses, although it has inherent risks and violations of patient rights. AI can significantly redefine diagnosis and understanding of various conditions, although it offers a narrow understanding of the psychosocial, biological and social systems (Graham et al., 2019). AI risks implementing personalized mental care hence the need for a computational approach that suites big data. Some rights that can be infringed include autonomy, beneficence and justice due to the lack of standards to guide the utilization of AI and other technologies in healthcare settings.
Online psychotherapy is due to increased access, availability and flexibility in care delivery, mainly among people in rural and remote areas. The services can be accessed anywhere and at any time. The approach is also efficient, effective and efficacious due to its benefits and communication enhancement. It offers an economic advantage as it is cost-efficient (Stoll, Müller & Trachsel, 2020). However, there are some ethical issues against the use of online psychotherapy. They mainly touch on privacy, confidentiality and security issues due to unsecured websites or unencrypted communication tools. There are also communication issues due to the non-existence of verbal cues in therapeutic interactions.
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Ariel Lopez
1/25/23, 6:23 PM
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When considering the risk of using digital psychiatry on patients’ autonomy, it is crucial to understand the DSM-5 criteria and how it relates to digital psychiatry. According to the DSM-5, autonomy refers to an individual’s right to make decisions or take actions that are considered to be their own (Schneider et al., 2021). This includes the right to make decisions about their healthcare, including the right to refuse or accept treatment. When considering digital psychiatry, it is essential to consider the potential risks to patient’s autonomy.
Digital psychiatry includes telemedicine, mobile health applications, and other digital health platforms. These platforms can provide access to healthcare services, such as diagnosis and treatment and patient data. However, there are potential risks to patient autonomy related to the use of digital psychiatry (Burr et al., 2020). For example, patients may need to be made aware of the amount of data collected about them or the use of their data for research or other purposes. Additionally, using digital psychiatry may limit a patient’s ability to make decisions about their care, as they may need access to all the necessary information or understand the implications of their decisions.
When considering the use of AI for making diagnoses, there is an inherent risk of misdiagnosis, as AI algorithms are only sometimes accurate. There is a risk of patient data being used without their knowledge or consent, potentially violating their rights. AI algorithms can be biased, leading to the potential for misdiagnosis or mistreatment (Schneider et al., 2021). The rational argument for conducting online psychotherapy is that it can provide access to mental healthcare for those who may not otherwise have access or can afford it. Online psychotherapy can provide flexibility for those with busy schedules or who live in remote areas (Graham et al., 2019). However, there are potential ethical issues related to online psychotherapy, including a lack of informed consent, inadequate privacy protection, and the potential to exploit vulnerable populations (Stoll et al., 2020). There is a potential conflict of interest because online psychotherapists may not be appropriately licensed or qualified to provide mental healthcare.
When considering a diagnosis and differential diagnosis for a patient using digital psychiatry, it is essential to consider the DSM-5 criteria. For example, if a patient is exhibiting symptoms of depression, the DSM-5 criteria can be used to diagnose Major Depressive Disorder. A differential diagnosis can be made by considering other possible diagnoses, such as Bipolar Disorder, Anxiety Disorder, or Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (Schneider et al., 2021). A differential diagnosis can also include conditions that have similar symptoms to the presenting condition, such as Substance Use Disorder, Adjustment Disorder, or Personality Disorder.
In conclusion, it is essential to consider the potential risks to patient autonomy when considering digital psychiatry. Understanding the inherent risks of using AI for diagnostic purposes and the potential ethical issues related to online psychotherapy is essential. Finally, it is crucial to consider the DSM-5 criteria when determining a diagnosis and differential diagnosis.
Alianne Maria Liens
1. What is the risk of using digital psychiatry on patients’ autonomy?
Patients’ autonomy may be compromised by digital psychiatry, which uses technology to identify and treat mental health disorders. Patients may experience pressure to follow treatment suggestions made by digital tools, or the technology may be used to make choices regarding patients without the patients’ knowledge or agreement (Stoll, 2020). Additionally, patients may feel uncomfortable sharing sensitive information online, which might create issues about data security and privacy in the context of digital psychiatry.
2. Does the passive collection of data impact a user’s ability to participate in the decision-making process?
The capacity of a user to engage in decision-making might be impacted by passive data gathering methods like tracking applications and internet surveillance. This is so that choices about the user may be made without their knowledge or agreement, or their behavior may be affected in ways that they may not agree with (Stoll, 2020). Furthermore, consumers may not be aware of what information is being gathered or how it will be utilized, which raises privacy and data security issues.
3. What is the inherent risk of using AI for making diagnosis? What are the patient rights that may be violated?
The inherent danger of employing AI for diagnosis is that the system could not be able to recognize certain ailments effectively or might name conditions that don’t truly exist. Furthermore, AI-based diagnostic systems may be prejudiced, resulting in inaccurate or unjust diagnoses. The right to informed consent, the right to privacy, and the right to accurate and fair health information are just a few of the patient rights that may be compromised (Graham, 2019).
4. What is the rational argument for conducting online psychotherapy? When look through the ethical paradigm What are the possible ethical issues that may become against offering this modality to patients?
For people who may not be able to visit a therapist in person, such as those who live in distant places or have mobility problems, performing online psychotherapy might enhance access to mental health care. However, there are other possible ethical problems to take into account, such as worries about data security and privacy, the likelihood of negligence and malpractice, and the potential for a loss of continuity of treatment if the patient and the therapist are not in the same area. Additionally, not all patients may benefit from online therapy, especially those with serious mental health issues who may need in-person counseling (Burr, 2020).
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Alianne Maria Liens
1/25/23, 6:20 PM
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ETHICAL DECISION MAKING IN PSYCHIATRY.
1. What is the risk of using digital psychiatry on patients’ autonomy?
Patients’ autonomy may be compromised by digital psychiatry, which uses technology to identify and treat mental health disorders. Patients may experience pressure to follow treatment suggestions made by digital tools, or the technology may be used to make choices regarding patients without the patients’ knowledge or agreement (Stoll, 2020). Additionally, patients may feel uncomfortable sharing sensitive information online, which might create issues about data security and privacy in the context of digital psychiatry.
2. Does the passive collection of data impact a user’s ability to participate in the decision-making process?
The capacity of a user to engage in decision-making might be impacted by passive data gathering methods like tracking applications and internet surveillance. This is so that choices about the user may be made without their knowledge or agreement, or their behavior may be affected in ways that they may not agree with (Stoll, 2020). Furthermore, consumers may not be aware of what information is being gathered or how it will be utilized, which raises privacy and data security issues.
3. What is the inherent risk of using AI for making diagnosis? What are the patient rights that may be violated?
The inherent danger of employing AI for diagnosis is that the system could not be able to recognize certain ailments effectively or might name conditions that don’t truly exist. Furthermore, AI-based diagnostic systems may be prejudiced, resulting in inaccurate or unjust diagnoses. The right to informed consent, the right to privacy, and the right to accurate and fair health information are just a few of the patient rights that may be compromised (Graham, 2019).
4. What is the rational argument for conducting online psychotherapy? When look through the ethical paradigm What are the possible ethical issues that may become against offering this modality to patients?
For people who may not be able to visit a therapist in person, such as those who live in distant places or have mobility problems, performing online psychotherapy might enhance access to mental health care. However, there are other possible ethical problems to take into account, such as worries about data security and privacy, the likelihood of negligence and malpractice, and the potential for a loss of continuity of treatment if the patient and the therapist are not in the same area. Additionally, not all patients may benefit from online therapy, especially those with serious mental health issues who may need in-person counseling (Burr, 2020).
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